该NoCut途径将细胞运动的完成与螺旋中区功能联系起来,以防止染色体破裂
Caren Norden1, Manuel Mendoza, Jeroen Dobbelaere
1Institute of Biochemistry, Biology Department, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
Cell
|April 18, 2006
概括
一个新发现的NoCut途径延迟了细胞分裂的完成,直到染色体完全分离. 这可以防止细胞过早分裂,确保基因组完整性和细胞在线粒分裂期间的活力.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 细胞动力学,细胞分裂的过程,通常在亚纳相期间跟随染色体分离.
- 只有在完全分离染色体后才能确保细胞动力学完成的精确机制,特别是防止过早脱离,尚未完全理解.
研究的目的:
- 确定负责延迟细胞运动的分子途径,直到染色体臂从中央中区清除.
- 阐明这一新型监管途径的组成部分和功能.
主要方法:
- 在酵母模型中研究了具有中区缺陷的细胞分裂.
- 利用遗传选和活细胞成像来识别参与调节细胞运动时间的关键蛋白质.
- 检查了Aurora kinase Ipl1和anillin相关蛋白Boi1/Boi2.2的局部化和功能.
主要成果:
- 发现了一种叫做NoCut的信号通路,当线索延长受损时,它会抑制细胞运动的完成.
- NoCut的活性取决于光激酶Ipl1,它将Boi1和Boi2招募到裂变部位作为脱离抑制剂.
- 不激活NoCut导致过早脱离,导致染色体破裂和延长缺陷的细胞的致死性.
结论:
- 该NoCut通路作为一个关键的检查点,监测从中区的染色质清除.
- 它确保细胞分裂 (切割) 在染色体迁移到极点后的适当时间.
- 在线粒应激条件下,NoCut对于保持基因组稳定性和细胞活力至关重要.
相关概念视频
02:17Separation of Sister Chromatids
At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
02:19The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint
The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
00:50Anaphase Promoting Complex
The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...
02:17Separation of Sister Chromatids
At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
02:19The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint
The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
00:50Anaphase Promoting Complex
The stepwise destruction of specific proteins is necessary for the progression and completion of the cell cycle. Such proteins are ubiquitinated by ubiquitin ligases and then subsequently destroyed by the proteasome. The SCF (Skp1/Cullin/F-box) and the anaphase-promoting complex (APC) are two important ubiquitin ligases involved in cell cycle progression. While SCF is active throughout the cell cycle, APC gets activated during metaphase to anaphase transition. Cdc20 or Cdh1 binds to APC and...