从2000年到2004年,印度南部的年轻成年人感染HIV-1的趋势:一个流行率研究
Rajesh Kumar1, Prabhat Jha, Paul Arora
1School of Public Health, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
Lancet (London, England)
|April 18, 2006
概括
在2000年至2004年期间,南印度的年轻女性的HIV-1患病率显著下降了三分之一以上. 人类免疫缺陷病毒1型 (HIV-1) 的这种减少可能是由于避孕套的使用增加,突出了持续预防计划的需要.
科学领域:
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染病研究 传染病研究
背景情况:
- 印度面临HIV-1流行预测增加,特别是在南部州.
- 追踪事件感染对于了解流行病动态至关重要.
- 研究了参加产前和性传播疾病诊所的年轻人群,以估计HIV-1发病率.
研究的目的:
- 通过调查年轻人患病率来估计HIV-1发病率.
- 分析印度产前和性传播疾病诊所参与者的HIV-1流行趋势.
- 为了比较印度南部和北部各州之间的HIV-1患病率和趋势.
主要方法:
- 分析了来自294050名女性和58790名男性的非链接,匿名的HIV-1流行数据.
- 在2000-04期间从216家产前诊所和132家性病诊所收集的数据.
- 独立分析印度南部和北部各州的数据.
主要成果:
- 在南方的年轻女性 (15-24岁) 中,从2000年至2004年,艾滋病毒-1的流行率下降了35% (1.7%至1.1%) .
- 在北方州的老年女性 (25-34岁) 或任何年龄组中都没有观察到显著下降.
- 在南方参加性传播感染诊所的年轻人中,包括患有性传播感染的年轻人中,患病率下降.
结论:
- 数据支持,南印度年轻女性的HIV-1流行率减少了超过三分之一.
- 在男性和性工作者中,避孕套的使用增加是减少传播的可能驱动因素.
- 扩大基于同伴的避孕套和性工作者教育计划对于印度的HIV-1控制至关重要.
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