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相关概念视频

Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...
Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance01:05

Atomic Nuclei: Magnetic Resonance

The number of nuclear spins aligned in the lower energy state is slightly greater than those in the higher energy state. In the presence of an external magnetic field, as the spins precess at the Larmor frequency, the excess population results in a net magnetization oriented along the z axis. When a pulse or a short burst of radio waves at the Larmor frequency is applied along the x axis, the coupling of frequencies causes resonance and flips the nuclear spins of the excess population from the...
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes01:23

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis,  the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis. This...
Atomic Force Microscopy01:08

Atomic Force Microscopy

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a type of scanning probe microscopy that can analyze topographic details of various specimens like ceramics, glass, polymers, and biological samples. AFM offers over 1000 times more resolution than the optical imaging system. Images generated from AFM are three-dimensional surface profiles, offering an advantage over the flat, two-dimensional images from other imaging techniques.
The AFM Probe
The probe is regarded as the heart of any AFM setup and comprises the...
Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation01:28

Atomic Nuclei: Types of Nuclear Relaxation

Nuclear relaxation restores the equilibrium population imbalance and can occur via spin–lattice or spin–spin mechanisms, which are first-order exponential decay processes.
In spin–lattice or longitudinal relaxation, the excited spins exchange energy with the surrounding lattice as they return to the lower energy level. Among several mechanisms that contribute to spin–lattice relaxation, magnetic dipolar interactions are significant. Here, the excited nucleus transfers energy to a nearby...
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...

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Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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一个固态核磁共振研究的动力学和氨环的相互作用,在一个氨酸碎片结合氧酸晶体的氨酸碎片.

James M Gibson1, Jennifer M Popham, Vinodhkumar Raghunathan

  • 1Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|April 20, 2006
PubMed
概括

细胞外矩阵蛋白调节硬组织的生长. 这项研究揭示了特定蛋白质侧链如何与酸表面相互作用,澄清了对于骨和牙发育至关重要的矿物识别机制.

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Applying Dynamic Strain on Thin Oxide Films Immobilized on a Pseudoelastic Nickel-Titanium Alloy
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Real-Time Force Measurement Between Emulsion Droplets During Enzymatic Breakdown
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Real-Time Force Measurement Between Emulsion Droplets During Enzymatic Breakdown

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14:55

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科学领域:

  • 生物矿物化 生物矿物化
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 生物化学 生物化学

背景情况:

  • 细胞外矩阵蛋白对于硬组织生长至关重要,影响细胞粘附,信号传递和酸结晶.
  • 这些蛋白质识别和与矿物表面相互作用的精确机制在很大程度上是未知的.
  • 了解这些相互作用是阐明硬组织发育和调节的关键.

研究的目的:

  • 为了研究蛋白质侧链和酸表面之间的分子相互作用.
  • 阐明矿物表面细胞外矩阵蛋白的识别机制.
  • 提供对硬组织生长调节的见解.

主要方法:

  • 使用了固态核磁共振 (NMR) 光谱学.
  • 技术包括同位素化学转移,化学转移异位素 (CSAs),NMR线宽分析和13C旋转放松测量.
  • 红地互惠性 (REDOR) 核磁共振被用来检测蛋白质侧链 ((13) C) 和酸晶体表面 ((31) P) 之间的相关性.

主要成果:

  • 这项研究的重点是从唾液氨酸 (SN-15) 中的片段.
  • 氨侧链 (F14和F7) 呈现出与酸表面相对的不同动态和方向.
  • F14 (靠近C端) 是动态受约束和表面近距离的,而F7 (靠近N端) 是更具流动性和表面距离的.

结论:

  • 这些发现提供了SN-15如何与酸表面结合的详细图像.
  • 不同的动力学和特定氨基酸侧链的接近性决定了的方向和相互作用.
  • 这项研究促进了对生物矿物化和硬组织形成中的蛋白质-矿物相互作用的理解.