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相关概念视频

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals01:02

¹H NMR: Interpreting Distorted and Overlapping Signals

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Spin systems where the difference in chemical shifts of the coupled nuclei is greater than ten times J are called first-order spin systems. These nuclei are weakly coupled, and their chemical shifts and coupling constant can generally be estimated from the well-separated signals in the spectrum.
As Δν decreases and the signals move closer, the doublets appear increasingly distorted. The intensities of the inner lines increase at the cost of those of the outer lines as the signals are...
1.3K
¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution00:52

¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution

995
At room temperature, the chair conformer of cyclohexane undergoes rapid ring flipping between two equivalent chair conformers at a rate of approximately 105 times per second. These two chair conformers are in equilibrium. The rapid ring flipping results in the interconversion of the axial proton to an equatorial proton and an equatorial to the axial proton. Such interconversions are too rapid and cannot be detected on the NMR timescale. Hence, the NMR spectrometer cannot distinguish between the...
995
Applications Of NMR In Biology01:25

Applications Of NMR In Biology

3.3K
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a very valuable analytical technique for researchers. It has been used for more than 50 years as an analytical tool. F. Bloch and E. Purcell formulated NMR in 1946 and won the 1952 Nobel Prize in Physics  for their work. Biological macromolecules such as proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and organic molecules including pharmaceutical compounds, can be studied using this versatile tool that exploits the magnetic properties of certain nuclei.
3.3K
Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects01:17

Chemical Shift: Internal References and Solvent Effects

1.5K
In an NMR sample, precise measurement of the absolute absorption frequencies of nuclei is difficult. A standard internal reference compound is added, and the frequency difference between the reference signal and sample signals is measured.
The internal reference compound generally used in NMR spectroscopy is tetramethylsilane (TMS). TMS is preferred because it is chemically inert, soluble in NMR solvents, and easily removable. Also, the highly shielded methyl protons in TMS yield an intense...
1.5K
Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)01:15

Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT)

1.2K
Insensitive Nuclei Enhanced by Polarization Transfer (INEPT) is an advanced Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technique specifically designed to detect and enhance the signals of low-abundance nuclei, such as carbon-13 and nitrogen-15, in small molecules. The fundamental principle behind INEPT is the transfer of polarization from a more abundant and highly polarizable nucleus, typically hydrogen-1, to the low-abundance nucleus of interest. This process effectively boosts the NMR signal of the...
1.2K
Double Resonance Techniques: Overview01:12

Double Resonance Techniques: Overview

874
Double resonance techniques in Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy involve the simultaneous application of two different frequencies or radiofrequency pulses to manipulate and observe two distinct nuclear spins. One important application of double resonance is spin decoupling, which selectively suppresses coupling with one type of nucleus while observing the NMR signal from another nucleus, simplifying the spectrum and enhancing resolution.
Spin decoupling is usually achieved by...
874

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相关实验视频

Updated: May 6, 2026

Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement for Detecting and Characterizing Self-Associations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
07:24

Paramagnetic Relaxation Enhancement for Detecting and Characterizing Self-Associations of Intrinsically Disordered Proteins

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通过偏磁性NMR检测大分子结合中的短暂中间体.

Junji Iwahara1, G Marius Clore

  • 1Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-0520, USA.

Nature
|April 28, 2006
PubMed
概括

研究人员使用分子间偏磁放松增强剂 (PRE) 来检测宏分子结合中的短暂中间体. 这种方法揭示了转录因子如何通过与非同源位点相互作用,更快地找到特定的DNA位点.

科学领域:

  • 生物化学 生物化学
  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 结构生物学 结构生物学

背景情况:

  • 大分子复合体的形成平衡了特异性和速度.
  • 结合动力学的速率提升可能涉及到减少搜索维度或有吸引力的潜力.
  • 暂时的,非特异性的结合中间体是动态和理论模型所暗示的.

研究的目的:

  • 直接检测和表征在平衡状态下大分子结合中的低密度过渡中间体.
  • 研究非特异性DNA结合在增强序列特异性转录因子的关联率中的作用.
  • 为了证明分子间偏磁放松增强 (PRE) 的实用性,用于研究结合动态.

主要方法:

  • 利用分子间磁性放松增强剂 (PRE) 来探测短暂的相互作用.
  • 应用PRE来研究HOXD9主体转录因子与DNA的结合.
  • 分析了快速交换制度中的PRE数据,以描述中间结构和动态.

主要成果:

  • 在转录因子-DNA结合过程中直接检测到短暂的,低种群的中间体.
  • 观察到,这些在非同源DNA位点形成的中间体与特定复合体具有结构相似性.
  • 描述了两种不同的搜索机制,涉及内部和分子间转位.

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  • 证明非特异性结合增强了特定DNA关联的速度.

    • 结论:

    • 分子间PRE是一种强大的技术,用于检测和表征暂时结合中间体.
    • 转录因子利用非特异性DNA相互作用作为加速特定结合的搜索策略.
    • 该方法广泛适用于各种宏分子结合过程.