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相关概念视频

The DNA Helix01:16

The DNA Helix

Overview
Chromatin Packaging02:21

Chromatin Packaging

Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base-pairs of DNA. Each base-pair is 0.34 nm long, which means that each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. How is such a long DNA strand packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10 - 20 microns in diameter? 
The chromatin
In combination with specialized DNA binding protein called Histones, the DNA double helix forms a compact DNA: protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin itself is further compacted into higher-order structures.
Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins01:03

Single-Strand DNA Binding Proteins

For successful DNA replication, the unwinding of double-stranded DNA must be accompanied by stabilization and protection of the separated single strands of the DNA. This crucial task is performed by single-strand DNA-binding (SSB) proteins. They bind to the DNA in a sequence-independent manner, which means that the nitrogenous bases of the DNA need not be present in a specific order for binding of SSB proteins to it. The binding of SSB proteins straightens single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and makes...
The DNA Helix01:07

The DNA Helix

Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is the genetic material responsible for passing traits from generation to generation in all organisms and most viruses. DNA is composed of two strands of nucleotides that wind around each other to form a spring-like structure called a double helix. However, the double helix is not perfectly symmetrical. Instead, there are regularly occurring grooves in the structure. The major groove occurs where the sugar-phosphate backbones are relatively far apart. This space...
Chromatin Packaging01:32

Chromatin Packaging

Each human somatic cell contains 6 billion base pairs of DNA. Each base pair is 0.34 nm long, meaning each diploid cell contains a staggering 2 meters of DNA. This long DNA strand is packed inside a nucleus measuring only 10-20 microns in diameter with the help of specialized DNA-binding proteins called histones. Together they form a compact DNA-protein complex called chromatin. The chromatin is further compacted into higher-order structures. The highest level of compaction is achieved during...
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA has a double-helix structure. The...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Studying DNA Looping by Single-Molecule FRET
11:27

Studying DNA Looping by Single-Molecule FRET

Published on: June 28, 2014

软结合的水分子缩短了单链DNA.

Shuxun Cui1, Christian Albrecht, Ferdinand Kühner

  • 1Lehrstuhl für Angewandte Physik and Centre for Nanoscience, Ludwig-Maximilians Universität München, Amalienstrasse 54, 80799 München, Germany. cuisx@scu.edu.cn

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|May 18, 2006
PubMed
概括

我们在水和有机溶剂中测量了单链DNA弹性,发现DNA周围的水桥显著改变了它的弹性. 打破这些H键桥是理解不同环境中的DNA行为的关键.

科学领域:

  • 生物物理学的生物物理.
  • 物理化学 物理化学
  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学

背景情况:

  • 了解单链DNA (ssDNA) 的机械特性对于分子生物学至关重要.
  • 溶剂环境对聚合物弹性的影响尚未完全理解.
  • 水在调解与DNA等生物分子相互作用中的作用需要进一步研究.

研究的目的:

  • 测量和比较ssDNA在水和非水环境中的单链弹性.
  • 阐明水桥对观察到的ssDNA弹性差异的贡献.
  • 开发一个理论模型,准确地描述ssDNA在不同溶剂中的弹性.

主要方法:

  • 基于原子力显微镜 (AFM) 的单分子力光谱法用于测量ssDNA弹性.
  • 实验在水和非水,无极液体环境中进行.
  • 进行了ab initio量子力学计算以支持实验发现.

主要成果:

  • 在水和非水条件之间观察到强力延伸关系的明显偏差.
  • 这种偏差归因于在水溶液中的ssDNA链周围打破H键定向水桥所需的能量.
  • 在8Mguanidine-HCl的结果进一步支持了水桥的作用.

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Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack
07:44

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack

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Synthetic Condensates and Cell-Like Architectures from Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures
08:02

Synthetic Condensates and Cell-Like Architectures from Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures

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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Jul 6, 2026

Studying DNA Looping by Single-Molecule FRET
11:27

Studying DNA Looping by Single-Molecule FRET

Published on: June 28, 2014

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack
07:44

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack

Published on: August 15, 2018

Synthetic Condensates and Cell-Like Architectures from Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures
08:02

Synthetic Condensates and Cell-Like Architectures from Amphiphilic DNA Nanostructures

Published on: May 31, 2024

  • 一个无参数的自由旋转链模型与有机溶剂中的实验数据完全匹配.

    • 结论:

    • 通过ssDNA和水分子之间的H键形成的水桥显著影响ssDNA弹性.
    • 在有机溶剂中缺少这些水桥导致不同的弹性行为.
    • 在水溶液中双链DNA的稳定性中,ssDNA与水之间的H键可能是必不可少的.