一个有义务的社会骗子的演变成为一个优越的合作者
Francesca Fiegna1, Yuen-Tsu N Yu, Supriya V Kadam
1Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, Spemannstrasse 35, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Nature
|May 20, 2006
概括
一些细菌可以变得依赖于其他细菌生存. 这项研究表明,一种细菌如何通过有益的突变从依赖演变为独立的社会合作.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
- 微生物生态学 微生物生态学
- 社会进化的社会演变.
背景情况:
- 有机体依赖他人生存的义务关系是常见的,可以是寄生性的或相互的.
- 强制性血统是否可以恢复到自主生活方式仍然在很大程度上未被探索.
- 细菌Myxococcus xanthus在饥饿期间表现出生存的社会合作,一些基因型利用其他基因型.
研究的目的:
- 研究微生物系统中强制依赖的进化潜力.
- 为了确定是否有义务依赖的血统可以恢复自主生活方式.
- 了解从依赖到社会独立的进化轨迹.
主要方法:
- 研究了Myxococcus xanthus种群的进化过渡.
- 分析了具有果实体发育缺陷的基因型.
- 研究了由不同基因型组成的基因组的动态.
- 确定了赋予健身优势和社会独立性的突变.
主要成果:
- 在M. xanthus.中观察到一种从强制依赖到自主社会合作的进化过渡.
- 一个单一的巨大效应的突变使"骗子"基因型能够实现社会独立.
- 这种突变赋予了优越的适应性和免疫力,免受祖先基因型的剥削.
- 过渡表明了从强制作弊到自主社会主导地位的途径.
结论:
- 强制性依赖不一定是进化的终极状况.
- 从依赖到自治的进化过渡是可能的,由有益的突变驱动.
- 暂时的强制作弊可以成为进入新的社会合作和统治状态的脚石.
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