如果你更富有,你会更快乐吗? 一个聚焦的幻觉
Daniel Kahneman1, Alan B Krueger, David Schkade
1Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
概括
尽管人们普遍认为,更高的收入并不能显著改善瞬间的幸福感. 虽然生活满意度可能会增加,但这种影响是暂时的,这表明收入收入.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
- 社会学 社会学 社会学
背景情况:
- 广泛的社会信仰将高收入与增加的幸福感联系在一起.
- 以前的研究往往侧重于生活满意度,而不是情感体验.
- 收入和主观福祉之间的确切关系仍在争论中.
研究的目的:
- 调查高于平均水平的收入对瞬间快乐的实际影响.
- 评估收入对生活满意度和情绪状态的影响.
- 探索收入与幸福之间的联系背后的心理机制.
主要方法:
- 利用调查数据将收入水平与自我报告的幸福感和生活满意度相关联.
- 分析了时间使用日记,以在不同收入群体中比较参与愉快活动的情况.
- 检查了与收入相关的情绪状态,包括紧张和积极影响.
主要成果:
- 收入高于平均水平的个人报告生活满意度仅略高.
- 没有观察到瞬间快乐或花在愉快活动上的时间显著增加.
- 更高的收入与增加的紧张和对满意度的短暂影响有关.
结论:
- 相信高收入直接转化为更大的幸福感在很大程度上是一个误解.
- 人们可能会高估收入对幸福的贡献,因为他们专注于传统的成就.
- 收入对幸福感的影响不那么深刻,而且比人们普遍认为的更为暂时.
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