在海种群中对入侵性捕食者产生不同的诱导反应
Aaren S Freeman1, James E Byers
1Zoology Department, Rudman Hall, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA. afreeman@cisunix.unh.edu
概括
在新英格兰南部的鱼迅速发展出更厚的贝,以应对入侵的亚洲海岸,Hemigrapsus sanguineus. 北方种群,缺乏先前的接触,没有显示这种可诱导的防御,这表明迅速适应新的捕食者.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
背景情况:
- 侵入性物种可以推动本土种群的快速进化变化.
- 亚洲海岸 (Hemigrapsus sanguineus) 是美国新英格兰南部的一个入侵性捕食者.
- 贝类 (Mytilus edulis) 是易受入侵的掠食的猎物物种.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究本地种群对入侵的亚洲海岸的进化反应.
- 为了确定贝是否表现出对这种新型捕食者的可诱导防御.
- 评估潜在的快速演变的时间框架,以应对入侵.
主要方法:
- 将来自新英格兰南部 (暴露) 和新英格兰北部 (天真) 的贝加厚反应与来自Hemigrapsus sanguineus的水传播线索进行比较.
- 测试对来自本土 (Carcinus maenas) 的线索的反应,作为对照.
- 分析贝形态,以响应捕食者线索.
主要成果:
- 来自新英格兰南部的贝类在暴露于来自Hemigrapsus sanguineus的线索时表现出诱导性贝加厚.
- 来自新英格兰北部的贝对Hemigrapsus sanguineus cues没有表现出外加厚的反应.
- 这两种种群体都在响应来自本地的线索时表现出厚.
结论:
- 这些发现表明,在Hemigrapsus sanguineus引入后的15年内,Mytilus edulis种群的诱导性防御迅速演变.
- 贝种群在应对新型入侵掠食者时表现出适应性可塑性.
- 生态相互作用可以推动海洋无脊椎动物的快速进化适应.
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