植物的基因组序列揭示了进化起源和病原发生的机制
Brett M Tyler1, Sucheta Tripathy, Xuemin Zhang
1Virginia Bioinformatics Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA. bmtyler@vt.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 2, 2006
概括
对Phytophthora sojae和Phytophthora ramorum的基因组测序揭示了对菌体进化和植物病原体毒性的洞察力. 它们的基因组显示出光合作用祖先的证据,以及与感染相关的基因的快速扩张.
科学领域:
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 植物病理学 植物病理学
背景情况:
- 与Phytophthora物种一样,Oömycetes是真核微生物,其中包括重要的植物病原体.
- Phytophthora sojae导致大豆根腐烂,而Phytophthora ramorum则导致树突然死亡.
- 奥米塞特属于Stramenopila王国,其中还包括光合作用藻类.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定两个关键的Phytophthora物种的基因组序列草案:Phytophthora sojae和Phytophthora ramorum.
- 为了研究oömycetes和光合作用藻类之间的进化关系.
- 识别与植物感染和毒性有关的基因和蛋白质家族.
主要方法:
- 基因组序列草案的比较基因组学.
- 对基因家族的分析,特别是与病原体与宿主相互作用相关的基因家族的分析.
- 遗传学分析以推断进化关系.
主要成果:
- 获得了Phytophthora sojae和Phytophthora ramorum的基因组序列草案.
- 证据表明,斯特拉门诺皮尔的光合作用祖先,由Phytophthora中摄影衍生基因的存在支持.
- 在基因组中发现了蛋白质家族的快速扩张和多样化,包括水解酶,ABC载体,毒素和激发基因,特别是700种蛋白质的超级家族,类似于已知的菌体激发因子.
结论:
- 植物类物种的基因组提供了对类动物进化历史的洞察,包括与光合作用生物的潜在联系.
- 鉴定到的基因扩展突出显示了这些oömycetes的植物感染能力的遗传基础.
- 这些病原体的比较基因组学有助于我们更好地了解菌体的毒性和宿主相互作用机制.
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