学术医学中的指导:系统性审查
Dario Sambunjak1, Sharon E Straus, Ana Marusić
1Croatian Medical Journal, Zagreb, Croatia.
JAMA
|September 7, 2006
概括
导师在学术医学中受到重视,但其影响的证据有限. 需要更严格的研究来支持基于证据的职业发展指导建议.
科学领域:
- 医学教育 医学教育
- 职业发展 职业发展
- 导师研究 导师研究
背景情况:
- 导师对于学术医学的专业成长至关重要.
- 教师面临着竞争的需求,需要评估导师的价值.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查关于指导普及率的证据.
- 检查在医学的指导和职业发展之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库中进行搜索 (MEDLINE,PsycINFO,Scopus等). 在2006年5月之前.
- 包括关于指导对职业选择和晋升的影响的研究.
- 没有对学习方法或语言的限制.
主要成果:
- 审查了39项研究;大多数是具有局限性的横截面调查.
- 导师的普及率很低 (<50%的学生,<20%的教师在某些领域).
- 女性报告说,更难找到导师;导师影响了职业和生产力.
结论:
- 在学术医学中,指导被认为是至关重要的,但支持证据很弱.
- 基于证据的建议需要更严格的跨学科研究.
- 进一步的研究应该解决医疗辅导中的上下文因素.
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