70S核糖体-tRNA复合体的晶体结构揭示了功能相互作用和重新排列
Andrei Korostelev1, Sergei Trakhanov, Martin Laurberg
1Center for Molecular Biology of RNA and Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA.
Cell
|September 12, 2006
概括
这项研究揭示了Thermus thermophilus 70S核糖体与mRNA和tRNA的晶体结构,详细介绍了蛋白质合成期间的相互作用和构造变化. 这些发现表明,在tRNA结合时,核糖体内存在诱导适合机制.
科学领域:
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 最近在X射线结晶学和冷电子显微镜 (cryo-EM) 的进展改善了对蛋白质合成的理解.
- 有可利用的核糖体子单元和空性核糖体的高分辨率结构.
研究的目的:
- 为了呈现Thermus thermophilus 70S核糖体的晶体结构,该核糖体与mRNA和tRNA复合在一起.
- 为了阐明核糖体-tRNA-mRNA相互作用的结构细节.
主要方法:
- 使用X射线结晶学来确定结构.
- 该结构的分辨率为3.7 Å分辨率.
主要成果:
- 确定了Thermus thermophilus 70S核糖体与一个模型mRNA和两个tRNA的晶体结构.
- 在P和E位点的核糖体,tRNA和mRNA之间的详细相互作用被可视化.
- 在核糖体结合时观察到tRNA结构的显著扭曲.
- 空和tRNA结合的70S核糖体之间的形状差异表明一种诱导适合机制.
- 确定了基转移酶催化部位的关键变化.
结论:
- 该结构为蛋白质合成的机制提供了原子水平的见解.
- 在tRNA结合时,核糖体结构经历了显著的形状变化,包括在催化部位.
- 这些发现提升了我们对翻译过程中核糖体的动态性质的理解.
相关概念视频
01:23RNA Structure
Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
01:23RNA Structure
Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
02:53Ribosomal RNA Synthesis
Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
01:19RNA Structure
The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
02:53Ribosomal RNA Synthesis
Ribosome synthesis is a highly complex and coordinated process involving more than 200 assembly factors. The synthesis and processing of ribosomal components occurs not only in the nucleolus but also in the nucleoplasm and the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells.
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
Ribosome biogenesis begins with the synthesis of 5S and 45S pre-rRNAs by distinct RNA polymerases. The primary transcripts are extensively processed and modified before they are bound and folded by ribosomal proteins and assembly factors,...
01:27Ribosomes
Ribosomes translate genetic information encoded by messenger RNA (mRNA) into proteins. Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have ribosomes. Cells that synthesize large quantities of protein—such as secretory cells in the human pancreas—can contain millions of ribosomes.
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...
Ribosome Structure and Assembly
Ribosomes are composed of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins. In eukaryotes, rRNA is transcribed from genes in the nucleolus—a part of the nucleus that specializes in ribosome production. Within...