人类胰岛素降解酶的结构揭示了一种新的基质识别机制
Yuequan Shen1, Andrzej Joachimiak, Marsha Rich Rosner
1Ben-May Institute for Cancer Research, The University of Chicago, 929 East 57th Street, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
Nature
|October 20, 2006
概括
胰岛素降解酶 (IDE) 的结构揭示了它如何降解胰岛素和β-粉样蛋白. 调节IDE活性可以治疗糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
- 酶学 是一种酶学.
背景情况:
- 胰岛素降解酶 (IDE) 是一种金属蛋白酶,对于清除胰岛素和粉样β至关重要.
- 功能障碍的IDE活性与葡萄糖不耐受和大脑粉样β积累有关,这与阿尔茨海默病有关.
研究的目的:
- 阐明人体IDE与其基质复合的结构机制.
- 了解用于治疗向的IDE的基质识别和全调节.
主要方法:
- 使用X射线晶体学来确定人体IDE与胰岛素B链,粉胺-β (1-40),氨酸和葡萄糖结合的结构.
- 对触媒腔内的域相互作用和基质结合的分析.
主要成果:
- IDE形成了一个封闭的形结构,其氨基和碳氧终端域,调节基质访问.
- 基质捕获涉及催化室内的构造变化,促进β-片的形成.
- 破坏域间接触的突变显著增强了IDE催化活性 (高达40倍).
结论:
- 这项研究揭示了IDE选择性基质识别和全调节的分子基础.
- 了解IDE结构-功能关系可以为代谢和神经退行性疾病的新疗法设计提供信息.
相关概念视频
Protein Digestion
Protein digestion begins in the stomach, where the highly acidic environment can easily disrupt protein structure by exposing the peptide bonds of polypeptide chains. After polypeptide chains are broken into individual amino acids by a series of digestive enzymes, the amino acids are transported to the liver via the bloodstream to produce energy.
Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors
Enzyme-linked receptors are cell-surface receptors acting as an enzyme or associating with an enzyme intracellularly. They make excellent drug targets. Drugs can bind to the extracellular ligand-binding domain or directly affect their enzymatic domain and alter their activity.
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:
Major types that are helpful drug targets include:


