智力障碍的年轻人的精神病理学
Stewart L Einfeld1, Andrea M Piccinin, Andrew Mackinnon
1School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, 190 Russell Ave, Dolls Point, NSW 2219, Australia. s.einfeld@fhs.unsw.edu.au [corrected]
JAMA
|October 26, 2006
概括
智力障碍 (ID) 儿童的精神病理是持久的,随着时间的推移缓慢下降,并在成年时保持高水平. 很少有人接受必要的心理健康干预,这突显了严重的公共卫生差距.
科学领域:
- 儿童和青少年精神病学
- 发展心理学 发展心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 智力障碍 (ID) 中的并发性精神健康问题是一个重要的公共卫生问题.
- 这些问题往往始于童年,但它们的长期发展轨迹到成年时代还不太清楚.
研究的目的:
- 在智力障碍儿童和青少年的代表性队列中调查心理病理学的纵向过程.
主要方法:
- 澳大利亚儿童到成年人发育研究对578名ID儿童/青少年进行了14年的跟踪.
- 通过由护理人员完成的发育行为检查表 (DBC) 来评估精神病理学.
- 增长曲线分析模拟了DBC分数在四个数据收集波中的变化.
主要成果:
- 在ID的年轻人中,高水平的行为和情绪障碍缓慢下降,直到年轻人成年时仍然升高.
- 精神病理严重程度在轻度至重度的ID范围中是相似的.
- 随着时间的推移,男孩和较温和的ID患者的精神病理学减少更大,除了增加的社会相关障碍外.
- 精神疾病的患病率从41%降至31%,只有10%接受心理健康干预.
结论:
- 与智力障碍并发的精神病理在整个发育过程中是实质性的和持久的.
- 调查结果强调,迫切需要为这一群体提供可访问和有效的心理健康干预措施.
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