儿童严重急性营养不良的管理
Steve Collins1, Nicky Dent, Paul Binns
1Valid International Ltd, Oxford, UK. steve@validinternational.org
Lancet (London, England)
|December 5, 2006
概括
基于社区的治疗护理为治疗儿童严重急性营养不良 (SAM) 提供了一个具有成本效益的策略. 这种方法显著减少了儿童死亡率,并通过管理病例作为门诊患者,增加了治疗覆盖率.
科学领域:
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 严重急性营养不良 (SAM) 影响着1300万五岁以下的儿童,每年造成100万至200万可预防的死亡.
- 尽管有影响,但SAM经常被儿童生存计划所忽视,并未被世卫组织承认.
- 目前SAM的住院治疗资源密集,病例死亡率高 (20-30%) 和覆盖率低 (<10%).
研究的目的:
- 评估基于社区的治疗护理 (CTC) 计划对治疗严重急性营养不良的有效性.
- 为了证明CTC如何可以提高存活率并增加SAM的治疗可用性.
- 突出CTC作为传统住院SAM治疗的可行和经济有效的替代方案.
主要方法:
- 实施基于社区的治疗护理 (CTC) 计划,用于SAM管理.
- 使用准备好使用的治疗性食品 (RUTF) 进行门诊治疗无并发性SAM病例.
- 专注于增加服务获取,降低成本,并鼓励早期提交和合规.
主要成果:
- 通过CTC计划,可大大降低严重急性营养不良的死亡率.
- 与仅限住院治疗的方法相比,CTC显著提高了治疗覆盖率.
- 在没有并发症的情况下对SAM的门诊治疗证明是有效的,并增加了康复率.
结论:
- 基于社区的治疗护理是治疗严重急性营养不良的成功和具有成本效益的战略.
- 通过扩大获得及时和适当治疗的机会,CTC计划可以提高儿童的生存率.
- 该方法解决了住院护理的局限性,为高负担地区提供了可扩展的解决方案.
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