来自低投入高多样性草原生物质的负碳生物燃料
David Tilman1, Jason Hill, Clarence Lehman
1Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA. tilman@umn.edu
概括
与传统选择相比,低投入高多样性 (LIHD) 原生草原生物燃料提供更高的能源产量和温室气体减少. 这些可持续生物燃料是负碳的,可以在退化土地上种植,而不会影响粮食生产或生物多样性.
科学领域:
- 农业科学 农业科学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 能源科学 能源科学
背景情况:
- 像玉米乙醇和大豆生物柴油这样的传统生物燃料在能源效率,环境影响和土地利用方面面临限制.
- 原生草原生态系统为可持续的生物燃料生产提供了潜力,减少了农化投入.
研究的目的:
- 评估低投入高多样性 (LIHD) 原生草原生物燃料对生物能源产量,温室气体平衡和土地利用的影响.
- 将LIHD生物燃料与玉米和大豆等传统生物燃料原料进行比较.
主要方法:
- 种植本地草原多年生植物的LIHD混合物.
- 测量生物能源的产量超过十年.
- 净生态系统二氧化碳捕获量的量化.
- 在生物燃料生产过程中释放化石二氧化碳的评估.
主要成果:
- LIHD草原表现出显著更高的生物能源产量,在十年后实现了比单一栽培产量高238%的产量.
- LIHD生物燃料是负碳的,生态系统净碳封存 (4.4 Mg CO2 ha-1 yr-1) 超过生产排放 (0.32 Mg CO2 ha-1 yr-1).
- 在农业退化土地上,LIHD生物燃料生产是可行的.
结论:
- LIHD原生草原生物燃料是传统生物燃料的可持续和环境有益的替代品.
- 这些生物燃料提高了可用的能源生产,减少了温室气体排放,并将农业化学污染降到最低.
- LIHD生物燃料支持碳负面性,避免与粮食生产或息地破坏竞争,使其适合退化农田.
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