工业化学品的发育神经毒性工业化学品的发育神经毒性
1Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. pgrand@hsph.harvard.edu
Lancet (London, England)
|December 19, 2006
概括
工业化学品会导致儿童的神经发育障碍,即使是低剂量. 目前的规定和对发育神经毒性的测试是不够的,需要采取预防措施来保护发育中的大脑.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
背景情况:
- 神经发育障碍 (NDD),如自闭症和多动症 (ADHD) 是普遍的,昂贵的,并导致终身残疾,主要原因不明.
- 一些工业化学品 (例如,,,PCB) 是已知的NDD和大脑功能障碍的原因,特别是在早期发育过程中.
- 许多化学物质对成年人的神经毒性功能构成风险,但它们对发育中的大脑的影响在很大程度上没有得到评估和监管.
研究的目的:
- 突出发育神经毒性测试中的重大差距.
- 强调当前监管方法保护儿童免受化学物质暴露的不足.
- 倡导新的,预防性的化学评估和控制策略,考虑到发育中的大脑的独特脆弱性.
主要方法:
- 对化学物质暴露和神经发育障碍的现有文献的审查.
- 对目前的化学安全监管框架和测试协议的分析.
- 确定评估发育神经毒性的局限性.
主要成果:
- 已知的神经毒性工业化学物质可以在胎儿的剂量低于成人时引起大脑损伤.
- 在风险识别和预防措施实施之间存在大量的延迟.
- 对于许多化学物质,缺乏对发育神经毒性的系统测试,并缺乏保护儿童的监管.
结论:
- 发育神经毒性测试中的差距和高监管证明要求阻碍了预防化学诱导的NDD.
- 发育中的大脑的独特脆弱性需要在化学安全方面转向预防性原则.
- 迫切需要实施新的测试和控制策略,以保护儿童的神经发育免受化学伤害.
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