GlcNAcstatin:一种皮科莫尔,选择性的O-GlcNAcase抑制剂,可以调节细胞内O-glcNAcylation水平
Helge C Dorfmueller1, Vladimir S Borodkin, Marianne Schimpl
1Division of Biological Chemistry & Molecular Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 21, 2006
概括
研究人员开发了GlcNAcstatin,这是O-GlcNAcase酶的高度选择性抑制剂. 这种新化合物有效地提高了O-GlcNAc水平,为研究细胞信号通路提供了强大的工具.
科学领域:
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 酶学 是一种酶学.
背景情况:
- 使用O-GlcNAc的翻译后修饰调节了关键的细胞过程.
- O-GlcNAcase是O-GlcNAc修饰途径中的一个关键酶.
- 像PUGNAc这样的现有抑制剂缺乏选择性,并抑制相关酶.
研究的目的:
- 设计和合成一种新型,高度选择性的O-GlcNAcase抑制剂.
- 调查新化合物的抑制机制和选择性.
- 为了验证该化合物在提高细胞O-GlcNAc水平方面的有效性.
主要方法:
- 基于结构的药物设计使用O-GlcNAcase-PUGNAc复杂数据.
- 一种基于葡萄糖胺醇的抑制剂,GlcNAcstatin的合成.
- 酶抑制测定和X射线晶体学.
- 在HEK 293和SH-SY5Y细胞系中进行基于细胞的测定.
主要成果:
- GlcNAcstatin是一种强大的竞争性抑制剂,具有O-GlcNAcase家族酶的5 pM强度.
- 该抑制剂表现出 >100,000 倍的选择性比人类 lysosomal hexosaminidases HexA/B.
- X射线结晶学显示,GlcNAcstatin模仿了O-GlcNAcase活性部位的过渡状态.
- GlcNAcstatin成功地增加了人类细胞系中的O-GlcNAc水平.
结论:
- GlcNAcstatin是一种新型,高度选择性和强大的O-GlcNAcase抑制剂.
- 这种化合物为探索O-GlcNAc.生物作用提供了有价值的研究工具.
- 这些发现促进了对O-GlcNAc信号传递和酶抑制策略的理解.
相关概念视频
Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism
Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: α-Glucosidase Inhibitors
α-glucosidase inhibitors, including acarbose (Precose), miglitol (Glyset), and voglibose (Voglib) (primarily available in Asia), are drugs that control blood sugar levels by delaying the digestion of starch and disaccharides. They achieve this by inhibiting α-glucosidase enzymes in the intestine, which slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the intestine, which in turn leads to a prolonged release of the glucoregulatory hormone GLP-1 from intestinal L-cells.
Acarbose and miglitol are typically...
Acarbose and miglitol are typically...
GPCRs Regulate Adenylyl Cylase Activity
Some GPCRs transmit signals through adenylyl cyclase (AC), a transmembrane enzyme. AC helps synthesize second messenger cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). AC catalyzes cyclization reaction and converts ATP to cAMP by releasing a pyrophosphate. The pyrophosphate is further hydrolyzed to phosphate by the enzyme pyrophosphatase, which drives cAMP synthesis to completion. However, cAMP is rapidly degraded to 5′ AMP by the enzymes phosphodiesterase (PDE), preventing overstimulation of cells.
Two...
Two...
Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors
Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) is a serine protease widely distributed in the body. It's involved in the inactivation of GLP-1 and GIP hormones, which are crucial for insulin regulation. DPP-4 inhibitors, such as sitagliptin (Januvia), saxagliptin (Onglyza), linagliptin (Tradjenta), alogliptin (Nesina), and vildagliptin (Galvus), help increase the proportion of active GLP-1, enhancing insulin secretion. These inhibitors work by competitively binding to DPP-4. This binding causes a significant...
Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Mechanism of Action
Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists work by interacting with an enzyme called acetylcholinesterase (AChE) in the synaptic cleft. They can be reversible or irreversible inhibitors and have different effects on the enzyme.
Reversible inhibitors like edrophonium bind to a specific part of the enzyme called the anionic catalytic site. They form noncovalent bonds, which means they are not strongly attached to the enzyme. This creates a temporary and less stable enzyme–inhibitor complex, leading to...
Reversible inhibitors like edrophonium bind to a specific part of the enzyme called the anionic catalytic site. They form noncovalent bonds, which means they are not strongly attached to the enzyme. This creates a temporary and less stable enzyme–inhibitor complex, leading to...
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents: Glinides
Repaglinide (Prandin) and Nateglinide (Starlix), known as glinides, are oral insulin secretagogues that stimulate insulin release from pancreatic β cells by closing the ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channel). Repaglinide controls insulin release from pancreatic β cells by managing potassium efflux. It shares two binding sites with sulfonylureas and also has a unique site, indicating overlapping mechanisms of action. With a rapid onset and a 4-7 hour duration, it effectively manages...

