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在矿物和陶中测量阿尔法胺辐射对矿物和陶的破坏
Ian Farnan1, Herman Cho, William J Weber
1Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EQ, UK. ifarnan@esc.cam.ac.uk
Nature
|January 12, 2007
概括
核废物陶中的α衰变会造成重大的结构损伤,每次α衰变将近5000个原子的位移. 这一发现表明,当前的活性化物固定陶在地质储存中可能不会持续所需的25万年.
科学领域:
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 核工程 核工程是指核工程.
- 地质化学 地质化学
背景情况:
- 核废物中含有重型α-发射物,如,美洲和.
- 与玻璃相比,由于其优越的耐用性和较低的临界性风险,actinides被固定在陶中进行地质处置.
- 陶中的α衰变会导致长期辐射损伤,影响结构完整性和耐用性.
研究的目的:
- 准确测量陶中每次α衰变所移位的原子数量.
- 在存储条件下评估含有乙烯酸的陶的长期结构耐用性.
- 为核废物固定材料的辐射损伤提供一个原子学的理解.
主要方法:
- 核磁共振 (NMR) 和旋转计数实验被用于测量自然石中的辐射损伤.
- 放射性NMR测量是在用-239 (Pu) 杂的基上进行的.
- 在Pu-doped和自然辐射 (U, Th) 之间比较了损伤水平.
主要成果:
- 测量表明,在中每次α衰变大约有5000个原子被移除,远高于之前的估计 (1,000-2,000).
- -239诱导的损害与和相等剂量的损害相当,不论其半衰期或负载.
- 10%重量的Pu-Zircon陶将在大约1400年内变得无形,远远低于25万年的目标.
结论:
- 在中,每次α衰变的原子位移率被严重低估.
- 由于加速辐射损伤,目前的化物陶固定化策略可能无法满足长期地质处置要求.
- 准确测量辐射损害对于预测核废物形式的长期性能至关重要.
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