通过PTEN介导的基分离控制了通过Cdc42的表皮细胞形态发生
Fernando Martin-Belmonte1, Ama Gassama, Anirban Datta
1Department of Anatomy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. fernando.martin-belmonte@ucsf.edu
Cell
|January 27, 2007
概括
PTEN,酸4,5-双酸 (PtdIns(4,5) P2),Annexin 2 (Anx2),Cdc42和非典型的蛋白激酶C (aPKC) 对于形成上皮器官中的顶端表面和光线至关重要. 它们的协调行动确保了表皮细胞的正常发育.
科学领域:
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 发育生物学 发展生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
背景情况:
- 表皮器官的发育依赖于形成顶端表面和光线,这一过程尚未完全理解.
- 顶端等离子膜对于上皮的功能和组织组织至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 阐明在表皮形态发生过程中控制顶端等离子膜和光形成的分子机制.
- 为了研究PTEN和酸4,5-双酸 (PtdIns(4,5) P2) 在顶域建立中的作用.
主要方法:
- 利用三维细胞培养模型观察上皮质囊的发展.
- 通过免疫光和生化分析研究了蛋白质局部化和相互作用.
- 对关键蛋白质进行了功能丧失研究,包括PTEN,Annexin 2 (Anx2),Cdc42和非典型蛋白激酶C (aPKC).
主要成果:
- 在囊发育过程中,PTEN定位在顶端等离子体膜上,调解PtdIns(4,5) P2丰富.
- 基底侧面的异位PtdIns{4,5) P2导致顶端蛋白质错位.
- 安克斯2与PtdIns{4,5) P2结合,并招募Cdc42,这反过来又招募了aPKC到顶峰表面.
结论:
- PTEN,PtdIns(4,5) P2,Anx2,Cdc42和aPKC形成了顶等离子膜和光形成的关键通路.
- 这种途径的破坏会损害正常的上皮器官发育.
- 这项研究揭示了一种新的机制,控制了表皮组织中顶域的建立.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:42Phosphoinositides and PIPs
Phosphoinositides are a group of phospholipids containing a glycerol backbone with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate attached to a myoinositol sugar ring. The inositol head group extends into the cytoplasm, where it is modified by adding phosphate groups to form phosphatidylinositol phosphates or PIPs.
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
Different phosphoinositides are synthesized and recruited on the cytosolic face of the plasma membrane. The localization of specific phosphoinositides concentrated in separate membrane...
02:17Separation of Sister Chromatids
At the transition from prophase to metaphase, there is a reduction in cohesion along the chromosomal arms, resulting in the resolution of sister chromatids. However, residual cohesin connections remain to hold the sister chromatids together until the transition from metaphase to anaphase. The residual connection prevents any premature separation of sister chromatids, blocking the risks of aneuploidy within the daughter cells.
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
At the onset of anaphase, separase, a proteolytic enzyme, is...
01:39Mechanism of Filopodia Formation
Filopodia are thin, actin-rich cellular protrusions that play an important role in many fundamental cellular functions. They vary in their occurrence, length, and positioning in different cell types, suggesting their diverse roles.
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
Their main function is to guide migrating cells during normal tissue morphogenesis or cancer metastasis by recognizing and making initial contacts with the extracellular matrix. However, they can also act as stationary cell anchors or help to establish communication...
01:31Mechanism of Lamellipodia Formation
Cells migrating in response to external stimuli form lamellipodia, which are thin membrane protrusions supported by a mesh of linked, branched, or unbranched actin filaments. These actin filaments interact with myosin motor proteins, creating the dynamic actomyosin complex within the cytoskeleton. Contractility, or the ability to generate contractile stress, is inherent to the actomyosin complex. It helps cells detect the stiffness of the surrounding ECM and exert contractile force for...
01:21Cell Polarization by Rho Proteins
Cell polarity is the asymmetric distribution of cellular and membrane components, making one side of the cell different from the other. This polarity is essential to many processes such as embryogenesis, axon migration, glucose transport across epithelial cells, and directional cell migration. A migrating cell responds to intracellular or extracellular signals via molecular cascades that reorganize the actin cytoskeleton to establish this polarity. In these cells, the Rho family proteins Cdc42,...
01:23Catenins
Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
Catenins in Cell Junctions
Catenins bind to cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins and link them to different cytoskeletal proteins depending on the type of cell junction. At the adherens...
Catenins in Cell Junctions
Catenins bind to cell adhesion molecules such as cadherins and link them to different cytoskeletal proteins depending on the type of cell junction. At the adherens...