被动吸烟和患心脏病的风险
1National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Cincinnati, Ohio 45226.
JAMA
|January 1, 1992
概括
环境烟草烟雾 (ETS) 在从不吸烟者中显著增加心脏病死亡风险. 这种二手烟暴露导致美国每年约35,000-40,000人死亡.
科学领域:
- 心血管流行病学心血管流行病学
- 环境健康科学科学 环境健康科学
背景情况:
- 环境烟草烟雾 (ETS) 是一个重要的公共卫生问题.
- 在从不吸烟者中,ETS暴露和心脏病死亡率之间的关联需要进行彻底的调查.
研究的目的:
- 审查证据,将环境烟草烟雾 (ETS) 暴露与从未吸烟者心脏病死亡风险的增加联系起来.
- 估计美国每年因ETS而导致的心脏病死亡人数,以及暴露于非吸烟者的个人风险.
主要方法:
- 对9项流行病学研究和众多实验研究的系统审查.
- 分析相对风险,剂量反应关系和控制混因素.
主要成果:
- 九项研究显示,在接触ETS的从未吸烟者中,心脏病死亡的相对风险从0.9到3.0不等.
- 实验研究表明,ETS通过短期和长期机制损害心血管系统.
- 据估计,美国每年35,000-40,000人死于缺血性心脏病是由于ETS暴露而导致的.
结论:
- 对于心脏病而言,ETS对公共卫生的负担比肺癌更大.
- 由于ETS导致的个人一生心脏病死亡风险过剩范围从1到3到100%.
- 除了国内航空运输外,ETS的暴露不受联邦监管.
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