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交通暴露对10至18岁肺部发育的影响:一项队列研究

W James Gauderman¹, Hita Vora, Rob McConnell

¹Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar Street, Suite 220, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA. jimg@usc.edu

Lancet (London, England)

|February 20, 2007

概括

住在主要公路附近会损害儿童的肺部发育. 这种交通暴露独立地阻碍了肺功能的增长,导致18岁时的长期缺陷.

科学领域:

环境健康环境健康
儿科肺病学儿科肺病学
流行病学流行病学

背景情况:

在青春期 (10-18岁) 中,肺部发育至关重要.
当地交通暴露对儿童肺功能增长的影响尚不清楚.
这项研究研究了住宅交通暴露及其与8年肺功能增长的关联.

研究的目的:

调查住宅靠近主要道路与儿童肺功能增长之间的关联.
确定当地的交通暴露对肺功能的影响是否独立于区域空气质量.

主要方法:

在加利福尼亚州南部对3677名8年以上儿童 (平均年龄10岁) 进行前性研究.
每年记录的肺功能测量 (FEV1,MMEF).
使用回归分析的住宅交通暴露指标 (靠近高速公路),控制区域空气质量.

主要成果:

居住在高速公路500米以内的儿童在8年肺功能增长方面表现出显著的缺陷 (FEV1: -81毫升,MMEF: -127毫升/秒).
这些缺陷持续存在,与生活在更远的地方 (>1500米) 的人相比,在18岁时达到较低的肺功能.
当地高速公路暴露和区域空气污染对肺功能增长产生了独立的有害影响.

结论:

当地交通暴露会对儿童的肺部发育产生负面影响.
这些不利影响独立于更广泛的区域空气质量.
童年生活在高速公路附近可能会导致肺功能出现显著的长期缺陷.

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