艾滋病毒检测后咨询对性传播疾病发病率的影响
J M Zenilman1, B Erickson, R Fox
1Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Baltimore, Md.
JAMA
|February 12, 1992
概括
人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 测试和咨询并没有显著减少随后的性传播疾病 (STD). 艾滋病毒阳性和艾滋病毒阴性患者都有很高的性传播疾病重复率,突出了公共卫生挑战.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 检测和咨询是重要的公共卫生干预措施.
- 了解这些干预措施对后来的高风险行为,如性传播疾病 (STD) 的影响,对于有效的预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估艾滋病毒检测和检测后咨询在减少后来的高风险行为,特别是性传播疾病的发生率方面的有效性.
- 在测试和咨询后,比较艾滋病毒阳性与艾滋病毒阴性患者的性病发病率.
主要方法:
- 在公共性传播疾病诊所对868名艾滋病病毒阳性和1104名艾滋病病毒阴性患者进行了病历审查.
- 患者根据年龄,性别和艾滋病毒检测月份进行匹配,并在咨询后6-23个月内观察发生性传播疾病.
- 在通知艾滋病毒测试结果和接受测试后咨询后,STD诊断被分类为等级.
主要成果:
- 虽然71%的艾滋病毒阳性和63%的艾滋病毒阴性患者返回咨询,但在两组中都观察到大量的重复性传播疾病.
- 艾滋病病毒阳性患者的可能性传播疾病发生率为3.9%,而艾滋病病毒阴性患者的发生率为10.2% (P < .001).
- 艾滋病病毒阴性患者的比例高于艾滋病病毒阳性患者的比例 (3.3%),高于艾滋病病毒阳性患者 (1.5%),报告性病感染性伴侣 (P < .03).
结论:
- 艾滋病病毒阳性和艾滋病病毒阴性个体在测试后的咨询后都表现出高频率的重复性传播疾病.
- 这些发现强调了在制定有效策略以预防高风险行为和减少性传播疾病传播方面面临的重大公共卫生挑战.
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