进一步证实BRCA1与非活性X染色体的通信
Daniel P Silver1, Stoil D Dimitrov, Jean Feunteun
1Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cell
|March 14, 2007
概括
作为乳腺和卵巢癌抑制剂的BRCA1基因,在调节不活跃的X染色体 (Xi) 中发挥作用. 新的研究支持BRCA1.
科学领域:
- * 分子生物学 * 分子生物学
- * 癌症遗传学 癌症遗传学
- *表观遗传学和基因调节
背景情况:
- *BRCA1是一种已知的瘤抑制基因,参与DNA修复和细胞周期检查点控制.
- *之前的研究表明BRCA1与女性细胞中不活跃的X染色体 (Xi) 之间存在潜在的相互作用.
- *最近的研究质疑了这种相互作用,需要进一步调查.
相关概念视频
Epigenetic Regulation
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-Inactivation
The human X chromosome contains over ten times the number of genes as in the Y chromosome. Since males have only one X chromosome, and females have two, one might expect females to produce twice as many of the proteins, with undesirable results.
Inheritance of Chromatin Structures
Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...
X and Y Chromosomes
Among mammals, the gender of an organism is determined by the sex chromosomes. Humans have two sex chromosomes, X and Y. Every human diploid cell has 22 pairs of autosomes and one pair of sex chromosomes. A human female has two X chromosomes, while a male has one X chromosome and one Y chromosome.
The germline cells such as egg and sperm cells carry only half the number of chromosomes, i.e., 22 autosomes and one sex chromosome. All eggs have an X chromosome, while sperm cells can carry an X or...
The germline cells such as egg and sperm cells carry only half the number of chromosomes, i.e., 22 autosomes and one sex chromosome. All eggs have an X chromosome, while sperm cells can carry an X or...
X-inactivation
The human X chromosome contains over ten times the number of genes as in the Y chromosome. Since males have only one X chromosome, and females have two, one might expect females to produce twice as many of the proteins, with undesirable results.
Epigenetic Regulation
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...


