生态学:植物群落的多样性和稳定性
T Martijn Bezemer1, Wim H van der Putten
1Department of Multitrophic Interactions, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, PO Box 40, 666, PO Box 406 ZG Heteren, The Netherlands.
Nature
|March 30, 2007
概括
高的物种多样性可以导致生态系统的稳定,但这种关系是复杂的. 我们的发现表明,多样化的植物群体可以随着时间的推移表现出稳定和不稳定的生态系统动态.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 生物多样性研究 生物多样性研究
背景情况:
- 物种多样性与生态系统稳定性之间的联系仍然是科学辩论的主题.
- 以前的研究,如蒂尔曼等人. 草原实验表明,植物物种丰富与生态系统时间稳定之间存在正相关性.
- 本研究考察了一项长期的生物多样性实验,没有杂草来重新评估这种关系.
研究的目的:
- 在长期实验中调查植物物种多样性与生态系统稳定性之间的关系.
- 为了确定生态系统的稳定性是否通过物种多样性在不那么受控的条件下持续增强.
- 为生物多样性与生态系统稳定关系的复杂性和上下文依赖性提供证据.
主要方法:
- 在长期生物多样性实验中,对十年来生物质模式的分析.
- 利用未经除草或人工控制的植物群落的数据.
- 在不同级别的物种多样性中比较生态系统稳定性指标.
主要成果:
- 证明了高度多样化的植物群落可以表现出显著的时间不稳定性.
- 展示了物种多样性的增加并不一定导致生态系统更稳定的例子.
- 突出了生态系统对自然环境多样性的反应的变化.
结论:
- 生态系统的稳定性不仅取决于物种多样性;其他因素也起着至关重要的作用.
- 不同的系统可以矛盾地既稳定又不稳定,这取决于实验背景和社区组成.
- 这些发现挑战了关于生物多样性对生态系统稳定的普遍益处的简单假设.
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