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在RNA聚合酶II中通过无处不在因子和聚合酶CTD之间的遥远位点之间的通信
Baggavalli P Somesh1, Stefan Sigurdsson, Hideaki Saeki
1Mechanisms of Transcription Laboratory, Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, South Mimms, UK.
Cell
|April 10, 2007
概括
转录停止导致RNA聚合酶II (RNAPII) 的无处不在. 一个涉及Rsp5二元体和Ubc5的合修改机制解释了在延长和DNA修复过程中RNAPII无处不在.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 生物化学 生物化学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
背景情况:
- 无处不在是一种关键的翻译后修饰,调节蛋白质功能.
- RNA聚合酶II (RNAPII) 是基因转录的中心酶.
- RNAPII无处不在与转录调节和DNA损伤反应有关.
研究的目的:
- 为了绘制酵母RNAPII上的无处不在位点.
- 阐明RNAPII无处不在的机制和特异性.
- 了解无处不在在转录延长和DNA损伤反应中的作用.
主要方法:
- 位点定向的突变发生,以确定无处不在的位点.
- 在体外和体内无处不在的测试.
- 分析RNAPIIC终端域 (CTD) 结构和相互作用.
- 生物化学试验研究E3结合酶 (Rsp5) 和E2结合酶 (Ubc5) 相互作用.
主要成果:
- 在酵母RNAPII上确定了两个合的无处不在位点.
- 证明RNAPII CTD上的Rsp5二聚体调解了无处不在.
- 显示Ubc5 (E2) 桥接RNAPII和RSP5 (E3) 进行修改.
- 揭示了遥远的无处不在点通过CTD相互作用进行通信.
- 确定了RNAPII无处不在在延长和DNA损伤反应中的作用.
结论:
- RNAPII无处不在是一种特定的,由Rsp5二次体调节的合过程.
- 该机制涉及通过CTD折叠在遥远的站点之间进行通信.
- E2酶在无处不在的基质识别中起着至关重要的作用.
- 这项研究提供了对转录调节和DNA修复途径的见解.
相关概念视频
Bacterial RNA Polymerase
Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases
RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
Transcription Initiation
Initiation is the first step of transcription in eukaryotes. Prokaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNAP) can bind to the template DNA and start transcribing. On the other hand, transcription in eukaryotes requires additional proteins, called transcription factors, to first bind to the promoter region in the DNA template. This binding helps recruit the specific RNAP that can assemble on the DNA and start transcription.
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
The promoters and enhancers and their accessory proteins allow tight regulation of...
Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases
RNA Polymerase (RNAP) is conserved in all animals, with bacterial, archaeal, and eukaryotic RNAPs sharing significant sequence, structural, and functional similarities. Among the three eukaryotic RNAPs, RNA Polymerase II is most similar to bacterial RNAP in terms of both structural organization and folding topologies of the enzyme subunits. However, these similarities are not reflected in their mechanism of action.
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
All three eukaryotic RNAPs require specific transcription factors, of which the...
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...

