不同的目标衍生信号组织了运动神经终端的形成,成熟和维护
Michael A Fox1, Joshua R Sanes, Dorin-Bogdan Borza
1Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Cell
|April 10, 2007
概括
三个连续的目标衍生因子,包括FGFs,β2胺和原IV链,连续组织运动神经末端的发育,确保正确的形成,成熟和维护前突触专业化.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 发展生物学 发展生物学
背景情况:
- 突触发生,即突触的形成,对于神经电路的发展至关重要.
- 众所周知,目标衍生的组织分子会影响神经末端的分化,但它们在体内的作用在很大程度上仍未被描述.
- 了解这些因素的顺序作用是解读突触形成的精确机制的关键.
研究的目的:
- 阐明目标衍生因子在运动神经终端模式中的体内作用.
- 在神经终端发育过程中识别特定的组织分子及其时间序列.
- 研究不同分子组织者在突触形成,成熟和维护中的不同功能.
主要方法:
- 在体内研究使用遗传模型来分析特定组织分子的功能.
- 免疫组织化学和电子显微镜检查神经末端结构和突触囊泡聚类.
- 在不同发育阶段对基因表达和蛋白质定位的分析.
主要成果:
- 纤维细胞生长因子 (FGF) 和广泛分布的原IV链 (alpha1/2) 在神经终端形成过程中促进突触囊泡聚类.
- 贝塔2氨酸对于神经末端的产后成熟至关重要,而不是胚胎发育.
- 对于保持成熟的突触,需要突触特定的原IV链 (alpha3-6).
结论:
- 运动神经末端的发育是由三个不同的目标衍生组织者的序列级联模式:FGFs,β2胺和原IV链.
- 这些因素以时间和突触特定的方式起作用,以控制突触前专业化的形成,成熟和维护.
- 这项研究揭示了一种多步骤的分子机制,用于组织体内突触前发育.
相关概念视频
01:12Synaptic Signaling
70.0K
Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
70.0K
01:31Neuron Structure
196.7K
Overview
196.7K
01:09Synaptic Signaling
5.7K
Neurons communicate at synapses, or junctions, to excite or inhibit the activity of other neurons or target cells, such as muscles. Synapses may be chemical or electrical.
Most synapses are chemical, meaning an electrical impulse or action potential spurs the release of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. The neuron sending the signal is called the presynaptic neuron, and the neuron receiving the signal is the postsynaptic neuron.
The presynaptic neuron fires an action potential that...
Most synapses are chemical, meaning an electrical impulse or action potential spurs the release of chemical messengers called neurotransmitters. The neuron sending the signal is called the presynaptic neuron, and the neuron receiving the signal is the postsynaptic neuron.
The presynaptic neuron fires an action potential that...
5.7K
01:32Assembly of Complex Microtubule Structures
2.1K
Complex microtubule structures are present in resting cells and in dividing cells. In resting cells, they are responsible for maintaining the cellular architecture, tracks for intracellular transport, positioning of organelles, assembly of cilia and flagella. They mediate the bipolar spindle assembly for chromosomal segregation and positioning of the cell division plate in dividing cells. The formation of microtubule complex structures depends on the cell type, cell stage, and cell function.
2.1K
01:30Neuron Structure
18.2K
Neurons are the main type of cell in the nervous system that generate and transmit electrochemical signals. They primarily communicate with each other using neurotransmitters at specific junctions called synapses. Neurons come in many shapes that often relate to their function, but most share three main structures: an axon and dendrites that extend out from a cell body.
Structure and Function of Neurons
The neuronal cell body—the soma— houses the nucleus and organelles vital to...
Structure and Function of Neurons
The neuronal cell body—the soma— houses the nucleus and organelles vital to...
18.2K
01:19The Neuromuscular Junction
17.7K
The nervous system consists of complex motor neuron circuits, including upper motor neurons originating from the cerebral cortex and lower motor neurons starting in the spinal cord, coordinating both voluntary and involuntary movements. Among these, somatic motor neurons activate skeletal muscles and are classified into alpha, beta, and gamma types. Alpha neurons are vital for voluntary movement coordination, while gamma neurons adjust muscle spindle sensitivity, and the function of beta...
17.7K