在世卫组织建议中使用证据
Andrew D Oxman1, John N Lavis2, Atle Fretheim1
1Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services, PO Box 7004, St Olavs plass, N-0130 Oslo, Norway.
Lancet (London, England)
|May 12, 2007
概括
世界卫生组织 (WHO) 的建议很少使用系统审查,而是依赖专家意见. 改进推开发需要领导力,资源和对研究文献的关注.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 卫生政策 卫生政策
- 基于证据的实践.
背景情况:
- 历史性的世卫组织条例 (1951年) 优先考虑专家意见作为建议.
- 目前的世卫组织指南 (2003年) 强调系统审查和基于证据的策略.
- 在世界卫生组织推制定过程中,声明的指导方针与实际实践之间存在差距.
研究的目的:
- 检查在世卫组织部门建议中利用证据,特别是影响证据的情况.
- 评估世卫组织声明的指导方针与其推制定流程之间的一致性.
主要方法:
- 采访了世卫组织在日内瓦总部的部门主任.
- 审查采访期间讨论的推报告和支持性文档.
- 两个人对采访数据和文档进行了独立分析.
主要成果:
- 系统性审查和总结的发现很少用于制定世卫组织建议.
- 建议的制定主要依赖于专业专家,而不是最终用户或方法专家.
- 目前的做法与世卫组织指导方针中概述的基于证据的方法有很大不同.
结论:
- 推动世界卫生组织建议的制定,适应和实施需要强有力的领导力.
- 充足的资源对于透明和可辩护的推流程至关重要.
- 与当前和新兴研究文献的持续接触对于改善世卫组织的推策略至关重要.
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