Jove
Visualize
联系我们
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
关于 JoVE
概览领导团队博客JoVE 帮助中心
作者
出版流程编辑委员会范围与政策同行评审常见问题投稿
图书馆员
用户评价订阅访问资源图书馆顾问委员会常见问题
研究
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments存档
教育
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab Manual教师资源中心教师网站
使用条款与条件
隐私政策
政策

相关概念视频

Types of Selection01:46

Types of Selection

Natural selection influences the frequencies of particular alleles and phenotypes within populations in several different ways. Primarily, natural selection can be directional, stabilizing, or disruptive. Directional selection favors one extreme trait and shifts the population towards that phenotype while selecting against individuals displaying alternate traits. Stabilizing selection favors an intermediate trait with a narrow range of variation. Deviation from the optimal phenotype towards an...
Frequency-dependent Selection01:21

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.
What is Population Genetics?01:25

What is Population Genetics?

A population is composed of members of the same species that simultaneously live and interact in the same area. When individuals in a population breed, they pass down their genes to their offspring. Many of these genes are polymorphic, meaning that they occur in multiple variants. Such variations of a gene are referred to as alleles. The collective set of all the alleles within a population is known as the gene pool.
Hardy-Weinberg Principle01:49

Hardy-Weinberg Principle

Diploid organisms have two alleles of each gene, one from each parent, in their somatic cells. Therefore, each individual contributes two alleles to the gene pool of the population. The gene pool of a population is the sum of every allele of all genes within that population and has some degree of variation. Genetic variation is typically expressed as a relative frequency, which is the percentage of the total population that has a given allele, genotype or phenotype.
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).
Evolution of New Traits in Microbes01:24

Evolution of New Traits in Microbes

Microorganisms evolve rapidly due to their large population sizes and short generation times, often exhibiting measurable changes within days under laboratory conditions. Natural selection acts on standing genetic variation, enabling the retention and amplification of beneficial traits that confer fitness advantages in changing environments.Adaptive Pigment Regulation in RhodobacterIn Rhodobacter, a genus of purple non-sulfur bacteria, light-harvesting pigments such as bacteriochlorophyll and...

您也可能阅读

相关文章

通过共同作者、期刊和引用图与本文相关的文章。

排序
Same author

Foraging actively can be advantageous in heterogeneous environments.

Biology letters·2025
Same author

Alleles of Chaser, a dominant modifier of the Drosophila melanogaster foraging gene, are consistent with variegating alleles of the heterochromatic gene spookier.

Genetics·2025
Same author

A novel sperm-derived seminal fluid protein in Caenorhabditis nematodes.

Journal of evolutionary biology·2025
Same author

Why the Long "Horns"? Fine-Scale Morphology Suggests Tactile Demands Contributed to the Exaggeration of Male Longhorned Beetle Antennae (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae).

Ecology and evolution·2025
Same author

A shared developmental genetic basis for sexually antagonistic male and female adaptations in the toothed water strider.

Evolution letters·2025
Same author

The resolution of evolutionary conflicts within species.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2024

相关实验视频

Updated: May 11, 2026

Foraging Path-length Protocol for Drosophila melanogaster Larvae
07:26

Foraging Path-length Protocol for Drosophila melanogaster Larvae

Published on: April 23, 2016

通过在单个基因上依赖频率的选择来维持行为多态性.

Mark J Fitzpatrick1, Elah Feder, Locke Rowe

  • 1Department of Biology, University of Toronto at Mississauga, Mississauga, Ontario L5L 1C6, Canada.

Nature
|May 15, 2007
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

负频率依赖的选择维持了果寻食行为的遗传变异. 这种由食基因驱动的进化机制在营养条件较低的情况下表现最为明显,这凸显了它的生态意义.

更多相关视频

Shifting Zebrafish Lethal Skeletal Mutant Penetrance by Progeny Testing
08:39

Shifting Zebrafish Lethal Skeletal Mutant Penetrance by Progeny Testing

Published on: September 1, 2017

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
04:52

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

相关实验视频

Last Updated: May 11, 2026

Foraging Path-length Protocol for Drosophila melanogaster Larvae
07:26

Foraging Path-length Protocol for Drosophila melanogaster Larvae

Published on: April 23, 2016

Shifting Zebrafish Lethal Skeletal Mutant Penetrance by Progeny Testing
08:39

Shifting Zebrafish Lethal Skeletal Mutant Penetrance by Progeny Testing

Published on: September 1, 2017

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
04:52

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

科学领域:

  • 进化生物学 进化生物学
  • 行为遗传学 行为遗传学
  • 人口遗传学 人口遗传学

背景情况:

  • 了解自然选择下的遗传变异维护是进化生物学的一个关键挑战.
  • 负频率依赖选择是一种维持遗传多态度的机制,但经验例子很少,特别是将特定的基因与表型联系起来.
  • 果中寻基因是一个研究得很好的自然多态,影响行为.

研究的目的:

  • 为了证明自然遗传多态的频率依赖选择.
  • 为了确定这种依赖频率的选择的遗传基础.
  • 研究环境条件,特别是营养水平在调解频率依赖选择中的作用.

主要方法:

  • 果携带食基因的不同等位基因的实验进化 (for(s) 和for(R)).
  • 在不同营养条件下 (低和高) 进行的健康测试.
  • 引入一个突变的等位基因来证实食基因在观察到的依赖频率的健身模式中的作用.

主要成果:

  • 食基因的两个自然等位基因 (for(s) 和for(R)) 在营养缺乏条件下表现出负频率依赖的选择,罕见的等位基因表现出更高的适应性.
  • 在高营养条件下,这种依赖频率的选择会消失,这表明幼虫竞争的作用.
  • 在漫游者背景上的坐着者样突变基因基因表现出与自然坐着者基因基因相似的依赖频率的适应性,证实了食基因的参与.

结论:

  • 这项研究清楚地证明了自然遗传多态的负频率依赖选择.
  • 食基因被确定为单个,自然多态基因,负责这种影响行为的频率依赖选择.
  • 环境因素,如营养物质的可用性,显著影响频率依赖选择的运作.