分类Drosophila小沉默RNAs的分类
Yukihide Tomari1, Tingting Du, Phillip D Zamore
1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA. tomari@iam.u-tokyo.ac.jp
Cell
|July 31, 2007
概括
小干扰RNAs (siRNAs) 和microRNAs (miRNAs) 在Drosophila中被分类为不同的阿尔戈诺特蛋白 (Ago1和Ago2). 这种分类是基于它们双链前体的结构,而不是它们的生物生成途径.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 遗传学 是一个遗传学.
- 在RNA生物学,RNA生物学.
背景情况:
- 小干扰RNAs (siRNAs) 通过Argonaute 2 (Ago2) 介导RNA干扰.
- 微RNAs (miRNAs) 通过Argonaute 1 (Ago1) 调节基因表达.
- 显著的生物发生路径在Drosophila中产生siRNA和miRNA.
研究的目的:
- 研究siRNAs和miRNAs对阿尔戈诺特蛋白质的分类机制.
- 为了确定分类途径是否与小RNA生物发生有关.
- 为了阐明双重结构在阿尔戈诺特加载中的作用.
主要方法:
- 对小RNA分类成Ago1和Ago2复合物的分析.
- 研究Dcr-2/R2D2异构体在Ago2复合组合中的作用.
- 描述小RNA复合体 (miRNA/miRNA(*) 和siRNA) 的结构基础.
主要成果:
- siRNA和miRNA对Ago1和Ago2进行分类是独立于它们的生物发生.
- Dcr-2/R2D2复合体作为一个守门员,促进siRNA和不利于miRNA加载到Ago2.
- 一个并行机制有利于miRNA复杂,并排除siRNAs从Ago1加载.
结论:
- 类活跃地根据它们的内在结构将小RNA复杂物分类为阿尔戈诺特复杂物.
- 微RNA/微RNA的结构特征和siRNA复合体决定了它们的装载到Ago1或Ago2.
- 这种选择性加载确保了siRNAs和miRNAs的独特功能.
相关概念视频
RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
piRNA - Piwi-interacting RNAs
PIWI-interacting RNAs, or piRNAs, are the most abundant short non-coding RNAs. More than 20,000 genes have been found in humans that code for piRNAs while only 2000 genes have been found for miRNAs. piRNAs can act at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels and have a vital role in silencing transposable elements present in germ cells. They are also involved in epigenetic silencing and activation. Previously, they were thought to function only in germ cells but new evidence suggests...
Experimental RNAi
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...


