通过禽流感H5血凝素突变体免疫,其受体结合特异性发生变化
Zhi-Yong Yang1, Chih-Jen Wei, Wing-Pui Kong
1Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health, Building 40, Room 4502, Mailstop Code MSC-3005, 40 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
概括
科学家修改了H5N1禽流感血质素 (HA) 受体结合域 (RBD),以改变其酸 (SA) 特异性. 这项研究有助于开发预防性疫苗和治疗新出现的人类适应H5N1菌株的治疗方法.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 结构生物学 结构生物学
背景情况:
- 流感病毒的进入取决于血凝素 (HA) 蛋白的受体结合域 (RBD).
- 禽流感病毒通过改变HA特异性从α2,3-至α2,6-结合酸 (SA) 受体来适应人类.
研究的目的:
- 定义H5N1禽流感HA中改变SA受体特异性的突变.
- 开发针对改变HA特异性的疫苗和单克隆抗体.
主要方法:
- 基于H5N1 HA RBD的结构修改.
- 产生具有改变SA结合性质的突变HA.
- 使用这些突变物开发疫苗和单克隆抗体.
主要成果:
- 在H5N1 HA中发现了减少alpha2,3-SA和/或增加alpha2,6-SA识别的特定突变.
- 开发了针对新H5N1变种的中和疫苗和单克隆抗体.
- 证明了基于结构的HA修饰的可行性.
结论:
- 基于结构的HA特异性的修改是开发预防性疫苗的可行策略.
- 在人类适应之前,可以开发针对改变HA特异性的治疗单克隆抗体.
- 这种方法可以帮助减轻新出现的人类适应H5N1流感菌株的威胁.
相关概念视频
Viral Recombination
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
Cross-reactivity
Overview
Diversity of Antigen Receptors
Antigen receptors are essential components of the immune system crucial in defending the body against foreign invaders. These receptors are present on the surface of B and T cells, enabling them to recognize antigens and mount an appropriate immune response.
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...
Before encountering any antigen, lymphocytes express these receptors. On B cells, the antigen receptor is a membrane-bound antibody molecule called BCR; on T cells, it is a T cell receptor or TCR. B and T cell receptors are composed of two...


