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相关概念视频

Gastrulation01:56

Gastrulation

Gastrulation establishes the three primary tissues of an embryo: the ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. This developmental process relies on a series of intricate cellular movements, which in humans transforms a flat, “bilaminar disc” composed of two cell sheets into a three-tiered structure. In the resulting embryo, the endoderm serves as the bottom layer, and stacked directly above it is the intermediate mesoderm, and then the uppermost ectoderm. Respectively, these tissue strata will form...
Migration00:53

Migration

Migration is long-range, seasonal movement from one region or habitat to another. This common strategy, carried out by many different organisms around the world, is an adaptive response that typically corresponds to changes in an organism’s environment, like resource availability or climate. Migrations can involve huge groups of thousands of animals as well as single individuals traveling alone and can range from thousands of kilometers to just a few hundred meters.
Optimal Foraging00:48

Optimal Foraging

How animals obtain and eat their food is called foraging behavior. Foraging can include searching for plants and hunting for prey and depends on the species and environment.
Predator-Prey Interactions02:39

Predator-Prey Interactions

Predators consume prey for energy. Predators that acquire prey and prey that avoid predation both increase their chances of survival and reproduction (i.e., fitness). Routine predator-prey interactions elicit mutual adaptations that improve predator offenses, such as claws, teeth, and speed, as well as prey defenses, including crypsis, aposematism, and mimicry. Thus, predator-prey interactions resemble an evolutionary arms race.Although predation is commonly associated with carnivory, for...
Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores02:40

Epiphytes, Parasites, and Carnivores

Plants often form mutualistic relationships with soil-dwelling fungi or bacteria to enhance their roots’ nutrient uptake ability. Root-colonizing fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae) increase a plant’s root surface area, which promotes nutrient absorption. While root-colonizing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., rhizobia) convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making nitrogen available to plants for various biological functions. For example, nitrogen is essential for the biosynthesis of the...
Instinctive Drift01:05

Instinctive Drift

Instinctive drift refers to the tendency of animals to revert to their innate behaviors despite repeated reinforcement. Breland and Breland demonstrated this concept in an experiment with a raccoon. The raccoon was trained to pick up two coins and place them in a container in exchange for food. Initially, the raccoon learned to associate the coins with food, making them a conditioned stimulus or a substitute for food. However, over time, the raccoon became less willing to put the coins into the...

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相关实验视频

Updated: Jun 24, 2026

Assaying Predatory Feeding Behaviors in Pristionchus and Other Nematodes
06:27

Assaying Predatory Feeding Behaviors in Pristionchus and Other Nematodes

Published on: September 4, 2016

反向垂直迁移:逃避无脊椎动物捕食者的方式.

M D Ohman, B W Frost, E B Cohen

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |June 24, 1983
    PubMed
    概括
    此摘要是机器生成的。

    海洋足动物Pseudocalanus sp. 在海洋中生长. 在Dabob Bay显示反向的垂直迁移,避免捕食者. 这种避免捕食者会降低死亡率,可能克服迁移成本.

    更多相关视频

    Behavioral Tracking and Neuromast Imaging of Mexican Cavefish
    14:58

    Behavioral Tracking and Neuromast Imaging of Mexican Cavefish

    Published on: April 6, 2019

    A Real-Time Interactive System for Studying Confrontational Pursuit Behavior in Rodents
    06:25

    A Real-Time Interactive System for Studying Confrontational Pursuit Behavior in Rodents

    Published on: May 16, 2025

    相关实验视频

    Last Updated: Jun 24, 2026

    Assaying Predatory Feeding Behaviors in Pristionchus and Other Nematodes
    06:27

    Assaying Predatory Feeding Behaviors in Pristionchus and Other Nematodes

    Published on: September 4, 2016

    Behavioral Tracking and Neuromast Imaging of Mexican Cavefish
    14:58

    Behavioral Tracking and Neuromast Imaging of Mexican Cavefish

    Published on: April 6, 2019

    A Real-Time Interactive System for Studying Confrontational Pursuit Behavior in Rodents
    06:25

    A Real-Time Interactive System for Studying Confrontational Pursuit Behavior in Rodents

    Published on: May 16, 2025

    科学领域:

    • 海洋生物学 海洋生物学
    • 动物浮游生物生态学
    • 行为生态学 行为生态学

    背景情况:

    • 在海洋动物浮游生物中,垂直迁移 (DVM) 是常见的.
    • 伪卡拉努斯 (Pseudocalanus) sp. 这种类型. 在Dabob Bay展现出一种非典型的反向DVM.
    • 夜间的无脊椎动物捕食者在相同的环境中执行正常的DVM.

    研究的目的:

    • 调查Pseudocalanus sp.中反向DVM的生态影响.
    • 确定避免捕食者对Pseudocalanus sp.的影响. 为了生存,为了生存.
    • 评估DVM在热梯度上的人口影响.

    主要方法:

    • 对 Pseudocalanus sp. 的观察 和捕食者的迁徙模式.
    • 在copepods和捕食者之间的空间重叠分析.
    • 生命表分析以建模人口动态.

    主要成果:

    • 伪卡拉努斯 (Pseudocalanus) sp. 这种类型. 证明了反向的DVM,而捕食者显示正常的DVM.
    • 减少了Pseudocalanus sp.之间的空间重叠. 和捕食者被观察到.
    • 生命表分析表明,死亡率降低16%可以抵消DVM成本.

    结论:

    • 在Pseudocalanus sp.中的反向DVM. 是一种最大限度地减少掠食者的策略.
    • 避免捕食者显著提高了成年雌性Pseudocalanus sp.的生存率.
    • 降低死亡率的人口福利可能会超过跨越热梯度迁移的能量成本.