概括
酸盐基 (NO(3) 在夜间与生物原有有机化合物如DMS和单烯快速反应. 这些反应显著影响这些化合物的大气命运,特别是在污染的空气中.
科学领域:
- 大气化学 大气化学
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 气性酸盐 (NO3) 基在夜间大气中存在于显著度.
- 生物发射的有机化合物,包括二甲基硫化物 (DMS),异烯和单烯,在大气过程中起着至关重要的作用.
- 之前的研究表明,DMS的非光化学去除过程可以解释其日间特征.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究酸盐基 (NO(3) 与关键生物源有机化合物的反应性.
- 为了确定这些化合物在夜间大气化学中的NO(3) 基态反应的意义.
- 探索NO(3) 激素反应作为DMS的潜在非光化学去除途径的作用.
主要方法:
- 实验性研究NO(3) 基和DMS,异烯和单烯之间的反应速率.
- 计算机模拟以建模这些反应对大气度的影响.
- 对环境空气测量的分析,以评估这些反应在现实场景中的相关性.
主要成果:
- 酸盐基 (NO3) 与二甲基硫化物 (DMS),异烯和几个单烯迅速反应.
- 计算机模拟表明,这些NO3) 基反应可能是夜间这些有机化合物的主要去除过程.
- 这些发现支持这样的假设,即NO3的激进反应可能解释了在某些空气质中观察到的DMS白天特征的缺失.
结论:
- 与酸盐基 (NO3) 的夜间反应是生物性挥发性有机化合物 (BVOC) (如DMS和单烯) 的重要去除途径.
- 这些反应可以导致大气中这些化合物的度大幅降低,特别是在清晨.
- 这项研究强调了NO3) 基化学在夜间大气过程和空气质量中的关键,但经常被忽视的作用.
相关概念视频
Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism
Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this nitrogen...
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this nitrogen...
The Nitrogen Cycle
Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...
Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation
Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme nitrate reductase...
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview
Nitrous acid and nitric acids are two types of acids containing nitrogen, among which nitrous acid is weaker than nitric acid. Nitrous acid with a pKa value of 3.37 ionizes in water to give a nitrite ion and the hydronium ion.
The nitrous acid is unstable. Hence, it is formed in situ from a solution of sodium nitrite and cold aqueous acids such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. In an acidic solution, the –OH group of nitrous acid undergoes protonation to give oxonium ion, followed by water loss...
The nitrous acid is unstable. Hence, it is formed in situ from a solution of sodium nitrite and cold aqueous acids such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. In an acidic solution, the –OH group of nitrous acid undergoes protonation to give oxonium ion, followed by water loss...
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism
Nitrous acid is a relatively weak and unstable acid prepared in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite and cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. In an acidic solution, the nitrous acid undergoes protonation when it loses water to form a nitrosonium ion—an electrophile. Nitrous acid reacts with primary amines to give diazonium salts. The reaction is called diazotization of primary amines.
2° Amines to N-Nitrosamines: Reaction with NaNO2
Secondary amines react with nitrous acid to form N-nitrosamines, as depicted in Figure 1. Nitrous acid, a weak and unstable acid, is formed in situ from an aqueous solution of sodium nitrite and strong acids, such as hydrochloric acid or sulfuric acid, in cold conditions. In the presence of an acid, the nitrous acid gets protonated. The subsequent loss of water results in the formation of the electrophile known as nitrosonium ion.


