概括
齐亚梅叶的表皮迅速检测到水的潜在变化,信号口腔. 减少水供应会在几分钟内导致表皮细胞崩和收缩.
科学领域:
- 植物生理学 植物生理学
- 植物解剖学 植物解剖学
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
背景情况:
- 胃膜调节植物中的气体交换.
- 表皮细胞在植物对环境压力的反应中发挥作用.
- 水的潜力是植物细胞功能的一个关键因素.
研究的目的:
- 调查Zea mays表皮在水潜在信号传递中的作用.
- 量化表皮和口腔对缺水反应的时间过程.
主要方法:
- 对Zea mays叶表皮的观测研究.
- 测量表皮厚度和口腔细胞完整性.
- 对改变供水情况的反应进行时间分析.
主要成果:
- 叶子表皮在0.1秒内将水的潜在变化传递给胃.
- 辅助细胞在减少供水后1.5分钟内崩.
- 皮肤表皮的厚度在20分钟内减少到三分之一.
结论:
- 斑马的表皮作为一个快速的水不足传感器.
- 表皮和口腔反应是植物节水的关键机制.
相关概念视频
02:41Responses to Drought and Flooding
Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.
01:57Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss
Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
02:04Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata
During photosynthesis, plants acquire the necessary carbon dioxide and release the produced oxygen back into the atmosphere. Openings in the epidermis of plant leaves is the site of this exchange of gasses. A single opening is called a stoma—derived from the Greek word for “mouth.” Stomata open and close in response to a variety of environmental cues.
02:03Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources
The xylem of vascular plants distributes water and dissolved minerals that are taken up by the roots to the rest of the plant. The cells that transport xylem sap are dead upon maturity, and the movement of xylem sap is a passive process.
02:45Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
02:34Water and Mineral Acquisition
Specialized tissues in plant roots have evolved to capture water, minerals, and some ions from the soil. Roots exhibit a variety of branching patterns that facilitate this process. The outermost root cells have specialized structures called root hairs that increase the root surface, thus increasing soil contact. Water can passively cross into roots, as the concentration of water in the soil is higher than that of the root tissue. Minerals, in contrast, are actively transported into root cells.