H3K27的脱甲基化调节了多组的招募和H2A的无处不在
Min Gyu Lee1, Raffaella Villa, Patrick Trojer
1Wistar Institute, 3601 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 1, 2007
概括
人类UTX蛋白从基因素H3 lysine 27 (H3K27) 中去除甲基标记,这是一个关键的表观遗传沉默标记. UTX将H3K4甲基化与H3K27脱甲基化联系起来,以激活基因.
科学领域:
- 表观遗传学 在表观遗传学中,表观遗传学是指表观遗传学.
- 分子生物学分子生物学
- 基因法规 基因法规
背景情况:
- 海斯H3氨酸27 (H3K27) 甲基化是与基因沉默相关的关键表观遗传标记.
- 了解调节H3K27甲基化的酶对于破译基因表达控制至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定负责H3K27脱甲基化的人类酶.
- 阐明这种酶在调节基因转录,特别是HOX基因中的作用.
主要方法:
- 生物化学测试以确定UTX在H3K27.27上的酶活性.
- 染色体免疫沉以评估UTX占用在基因促进者.
- 分析基因素修饰和调控复合物的招募.
主要成果:
- 人类UTX是一种Jumonji C家族蛋白质,被确定为二甲基和三甲基H3K27脱甲基酶.
- UTX局部化到HOX基因促进体,通过调节聚合体抑制复合体1的招募和基因素H2A单双化,影响它们的转录.
- UTX与MLL2/3复合体相互作用,在视网膜酸信号传递过程中将H3K4甲基化与H3K27脱甲基化联系起来.
结论:
- UTX通过积极去甲基化H3K27.27,在转录激活中发挥着至关重要的作用.
- 一个协调的机制存在,MLL2/3介导的H3K4甲基化与UTX介导的H3K27脱甲基化相结合,用于基因激活.
相关概念视频
02:32Histone Modification
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
02:32Histone Modification
The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
01:37Epigenetic Regulation
Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
X-chromosome...
X-chromosome...
01:46Epigenetic Regulation
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
01:46Epigenetic Regulation
Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
02:25Spreading of Chromatin Modifications
The histone proteins in the nucleosomes are post-translationally modified (PTM) to increase or decrease access to DNA. The commonly observed PTMs are methylation, acetylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination of lysine amino acids in the histone H3 tail region. These histone modifications have specific meaning for the cell. Hence, they are called "histone code". The protein complex involved in histone modification is termed as "reader-writer" complex.
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...
Writers
The writer is an enzyme that can...