婴儿期呼吸道功能不佳和22岁时肺功能不佳:一个非选择性的纵向队列研究
Debra A Stern1, Wayne J Morgan, Anne L Wright
1Arizona Respiratory Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|September 4, 2007
概括
在出生后不久测量婴儿呼吸道功能,可以预测成年人的肺功能. 早期呼吸道功能不佳是气流阻塞的危险因素,这表明预防慢性阻塞性肺病可能在出生前开始.
科学领域:
- 呼吸系统医学 呼吸系统医学
- 儿科肺病学 儿科肺病学
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 成年早期的肺功能是慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 的关键预测因素.
- 影响成人肺功能的早期生活因素尚未完全理解.
- 研究早期呼吸道功能对晚期肺部健康的影响对于预防COPD至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定婴儿的呼吸道功能,在出生后不久测量,影响成年早期的肺功能.
- 识别早期生命标志物,以预测空气流阻塞的发展.
主要方法:
- 对未经选择的婴儿进行长度研究 (图森儿童呼吸研究,1980-1984).
- 在婴儿期 (平均 2.3 个月) 测量的功能残留容量 (Vmax(FRC)) 的最大呼气流量.
- 肺功能 (FEV1,FVC,FEF25-75) 在11,16和22岁时评估,有支气管扩展剂反应.
主要成果:
- 具有Vmax (FRC) 最低四分位数的婴儿在22岁之前显示出明显较低的FEV1/FVC比率,FEV25-75,FEV1等.
- 这些关联在调整身高,体重,年龄,性别,喘息,吸烟,阿托皮和父母喘后仍然显著.
- 这些发现凸显了早期气道机械学与晚期阻塞性肺病指标之间的持久联系.
结论:
- 婴儿期呼吸道功能不佳是年轻成人发展气流阻塞的重要危险因素.
- 这些结果表明,预防COPD的干预措施可能需要在胎儿发育期间开始.
- 早期的呼吸系统健康对于长期的肺功能和疾病预防至关重要.
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