全球COPD负担:风险因素,患病率和未来趋势
David M Mannino1, A Sonia Buist
1Department of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, University of Kentucky College of Public Health, Lexington, KY 40536, USA. dmannino@uky.edu
Lancet (London, England)
|September 4, 2007
概括
慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 是一个日益严重的全球健康问题,由吸烟和污染驱动. 有效的预防和管理策略至关重要,以应对这种呼吸系统疾病日益增加的负担.
科学领域:
- 肺部医学 肺部医学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 慢性阻塞性肺病 (COPD) 是一个重大的全球挑战,导致广泛的发病率,死亡率和医疗保健费用.
- 关键的危险因素包括普遍吸烟,室内/室外空气污染,职业暴露和感染.
- 全球人口老龄化预计将加剧COPD的流行率和影响.
研究的目的:
- 为了突出COPD对全球健康的影响.
- 讨论各种风险因素和特定人群的患病率.
- 强调需要有效的预防和管理策略.
主要方法:
- 本摘要综合了当前对COPD的理解和流行病学数据.
- 它审查了该疾病的既定和新出现的风险因素.
- 它讨论了在识别伴随性疾病和COPD表型方面的进展.
主要成果:
- 在不同的人群中,COPD的患病率有很大差异,这表明风险因素的影响有所不同.
- 同病症和独特的COPD表型越来越被认为是关键因素.
- 除了肺功能之外的其他因素显著影响患者的治疗结果.
结论:
- 应对日益严重的全球COPD负担需要实施具有成本效益的预防和管理策略.
- 对人口特异性风险因素和定制干预措施的进一步研究是必不可少的.
- 需要综合护理方法,考虑并发症和多样化的表型,以获得更好的患者结果.
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