各国的心理健康系统:我们现在在哪里?
Lancet (London, England)
|September 7, 2007
概括
低收入和中等收入国家 (LAMICs) 的心理健康系统面临着重大资源和政策挑战. 尽管存在这些障碍,但一些国家仍在取得进展,为全球心理健康进步提供了宝贵的教训.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
- 心理健康系统研究 心理健康系统研究
背景情况:
- 全球超过85%的人口居住在低收入和中等收入国家 (LAMICs).
- 在LAMICs中关于心理健康系统的现有数据显示出重大差距和不一致性.
- 拉美国家/地区通常表现出极其有限的财务资源,不足的劳动力和精神卫生服务基础设施不足.
研究的目的:
- 分析低收入和中等收入国家心理健康系统的状况.
- 识别不同国家的心理健康系统组件的挑战和差异.
- 探索在资源有限的环境中影响心理健康系统发展的因素.
主要方法:
- 审查有关心理健康系统的可用国家级数据.
- 对资源分配,政策,立法,人力和基础设施的分析.
- 在不同收入水平的国家对心理健康系统组件的比较评估.
主要成果:
- 大多数LAMIC国家在心理健康方面没有足够的财政资源,人力和基础设施.
- 显著缺乏心理健康政策和立法,阻碍了计划的发展,特别是在非洲和东南亚.
- 心理健康系统的组成部分存在显著的变化,即使在类似的收入类别内.
- 心理健康资源与一般健康,经济和发展指标相关.
结论:
- 迫切需要加大对LAMIC地区心理健康的重视和改善资源配置.
- 尽管收入较低,但却发展出了心理健康系统的国家所吸取的经验教训需要进一步研究.
- 加强监测和制定战略优先级对于在资源有限的环境中推进全球心理健康至关重要.
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