海洋病毒和宿主全基因组表达动态揭示了共同进化的特征
Debbie Lindell1, Jacob D Jaffe, Maureen L Coleman
1Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Nature
|September 7, 2007
概括
细菌病毒 (菌体) 和它们的宿主共同进化,菌体获得宿主基因. 这项研究揭示了菌体利用宿主代谢基因进行复制并将它们转移回来,推动了两者中的基因组进化.
科学领域:
- 微生物基因组学和进化过程
- 病毒学和菌体与宿主相互作用
- 海洋蓝藻细菌和蓝藻动物
背景情况:
- 细菌宿主和病毒 (菌体) 参与相互的基因组进化.
- 菌体介导的基因转移,特别是来自基因组岛屿的基因转移,显著影响微生物进化.
- 菌体基因组是由从它们的宿主获得基因而形成的.
研究的目的:
- 在感染期间调查Prochlorococcus MED4和蓝菌P-SSP7的全基因组表达.
- 了解海洋蓝藻细菌及其病毒之间的共同进化过程.
- 阐明菌体编码的细菌代谢基因的功能作用.
主要方法:
- 在菌感染期间对海洋蓝菌Prochlorococcus MED4和蓝菌P-SSP7进行全基因组表达分析.
- 鉴定共转录的菌体基因,包括那些参与细菌代谢的基因.
- 在菌体感染期间对宿主基因上调调的分析和与菌体基因组的比较.
主要成果:
- 四个菌体编码的细菌代谢基因 (psbA, hli, talC, nrd) 与菌体DNA复制基因共同转录,形成了能源和脱氧核酸生产的功能单元.
- 许多宿主基因,可能是应激反应或菌体诱导的,在感染期间被上调.
- 许多升级调节的宿主基因位于基因组岛屿中,并且在蓝动物基因组中具有同类基因.
结论:
- 菌体已经进化到利用上调的宿主基因,促进它们稳定地纳入菌体基因组.
- 这种机制使宿主基因通过菌体被转移回其他宿主,从而为基因组岛屿做出贡献.
- 菌体诱导的宿主基因激活指导了宿主和菌体基因组中的基因内容的共同进化.
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