概括
伊克斯塔帕拉帕半岛的前西班牙社会通过人口转移和新地区的殖民化来适应,受农业创新和特奥蒂瓦坎和图拉等集中权力的影响. 阿兹特克时代的人口密度达到峰值,原因是城市中心的广泛扩张和先进的农业技术.
科学领域:
- 考古学和人类学
- 前西班牙裔社会文化动力学
- 结算模式分析结算模式分析
背景情况:
- 伊克斯塔帕拉帕半岛地区在前西班牙人定居模式和社会结构中出现了重大变化.
- 了解这些变化对于重建墨西哥谷的更广泛历史至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 提出关于伊克斯塔帕拉帕半岛在前西班牙时代的社会文化变化和适应的假设.
- 分析农业发展和城市中心对定居点和社会差异化的影响.
主要方法:
- 对伊克斯塔帕拉帕半岛前西班牙人定居点的密集调查.
- 根据累积的调查数据制定假设.
- 分析与环境区域和时期相关的定居模式 (原始,泰奥蒂瓦坎,托尔特克,阿兹特克).
主要成果:
- 早期/中期形成:人口较少,湖平原附近的定居点.
- 后期:人口增长,皮德蒙特地区的殖民化,由于陆地接入和交换网络而增加的地位差异化.
- 终端形成:大规模灌系统的兴起 (例如,泰奥蒂瓦坎);泰奥蒂瓦坎和图拉以开采性方式主导了外围地区,导致农村人口减少.
- 阿兹特克时期:广泛的城市中心,密集的共生,chinampas,导致人口密度达到峰值.
结论:
- 社会文化变化是由农业创新,环境剥削以及占主导地位的城市中心的兴衰驱动的.
- 像特奥蒂瓦坎和图拉这样的中央集权实行了开采控制,影响了农村人口和交换网络.
- 阿兹特克时代代表了适应性战略的高潮,通过综合的城市化和农业实现了西班牙语前最高的人口密度.
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