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相关概念视频

Convergent Evolution01:54

Convergent Evolution

Evolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution.The structures that arise from convergent evolution are called analogous structures. They are similar in function even if they are dissimilar in structure. Further, structures can be analogous while also...
Limits to Natural Selection01:38

Limits to Natural Selection

Organisms that are well-adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. However, natural selection does not lead to perfectly adapted organisms. Several factors constrain natural selection.For one, natural selection can only act upon existing genetic variation. Hypothetically, redtusks may enhance elephant survival by deterring ivory-seeking poachers. However, if there are no gene variants—or alleles—for redtusks, natural selection cannot increase the prevalence of...

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相关实验视频

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Building an Enhanced Flight Mill for the Study of Tethered Insect Flight
12:09

Building an Enhanced Flight Mill for the Study of Tethered Insect Flight

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漂浮在水面上的:可能是昆虫飞行进化的中间阶段.

J H Marden, M G Kramer

    Science (New York, N.Y.)
    |October 21, 1994
    PubMed
    概括

    表面滑翔,一种在水面上使用翅膀拍打的非飞行运动,可能会揭示昆虫的翅膀是如何从水生进化出来的. 这种方法即使在降低了翅膀尺寸和功率的情况下也起作用,这表明它是早期昆虫进化的关键.

    科学领域:

    • 进化生物学是进化的生物学.
    • 昆虫形态学 昆虫形态学
    • 生物力学 生物力学

    背景情况:

    • 昆虫的翅膀被假设是从水生进化而来的.
    • 这种进化的中间阶段尚未得到充分理解.

    研究的目的:

    • 用于描述水生昆虫所使用的非飞行,空气动力学运动,称为表面脱皮.
    • 为了研究表面脱皮在昆虫翅膀进化中的潜在作用.

    主要方法:

    • 观察水生昆虫的表面脱皮行为.
    • 在进行表面脱皮的石中分析翅膀面积和肌肉功率输出.

    主要成果:

    • 表面滑落涉及机翼动以获得推力,同时保持与水的接触以获得支持.
    • 石在表面滑落时表现出减少的翅膀区域和肌肉力量.
    • 这表明,使用原始的翅膀结构进行表面脱皮的可行性.

    结论:

    • 表面滑动是水生昆虫的一种可行的非飞行运动.
    • 这种行为可能代表昆虫翅膀从水生进化的中间阶段.
    • 它支持了早期昆虫可以在有限的资源下发展翅膀的假设.

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