概括
番茄叶的温度因透气而变化,受到空气运动和口腔开口的影响. 开放的胃口导致叶子温度较低,与封闭的相比.
科学领域:
- 植物生理学 植物生理学
- 叶子的热特性 叶子的热特性
背景情况:
- 汗水显著影响叶子的温度.
- 空气速度会影响叶面上的热交换机制.
研究的目的:
- 为了研究番茄传单上的温度梯度.
- 了解透气和空气运动在叶子热调节中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在番茄传单上测量温度梯度.
- 观察不同空气速度的影响.
- 将自然开放的叶子温度与人工关闭的胃相比较.
主要成果:
- 在番茄传单上观察到显著的温度梯度.
- 透气在冷却中的有效性在低空速时最高;对流在更高速度时占主导地位.
- 张开口腔的叶子大约比关闭口腔的叶子低5°C.
结论:
- 透气是建立叶子温度梯度的关键因素.
- 由光调节的口腔孔隙在叶子热恒温中起着至关重要的作用.
相关概念视频
02:45Responses to Heat and Cold Stress
Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
01:57Adaptations that Reduce Water Loss
Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
02:04Regulation of Transpiration by Stomata
During photosynthesis, plants acquire the necessary carbon dioxide and release the produced oxygen back into the atmosphere. Openings in the epidermis of plant leaves is the site of this exchange of gasses. A single opening is called a stoma—derived from the Greek word for “mouth.” Stomata open and close in response to a variety of environmental cues.
02:03Xylem and Transpiration-driven Transport of Resources
The xylem of vascular plants distributes water and dissolved minerals that are taken up by the roots to the rest of the plant. The cells that transport xylem sap are dead upon maturity, and the movement of xylem sap is a passive process.
02:41Responses to Drought and Flooding
Water plays a significant role in the life cycle of plants. However, insufficient or excess of water can be detrimental and pose a serious threat to plants.
02:16Light Acquisition
In order to produce glucose, plants need to capture sufficient light energy. Many modern plants have evolved leaves specialized for light acquisition. Leaves can be only millimeters in width or tens of meters wide, depending on the environment. Due to competition for sunlight, evolution has driven the evolution of increasingly larger leaves and taller plants, to avoid shading by their neighbors with contaminant elaboration of root architecture and mechanisms to transport water and nutrients.