诱导性堕胎:全球估计的比例和趋势
Gilda Sedgh1, Stanley Henshaw, Susheela Singh
1Guttmacher Institute, New York, NY, USA. gsedgh@guttmacher.org
Lancet (London, England)
|October 16, 2007
概括
在全球范围内,诱导堕胎率在1995年至2003年期间下降,但不安全的堕胎仍然集中在发展中国家. 满足避孕需求和确保安全堕胎服务对于降低孕产妇死亡率至关重要.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
- 生殖健康 生殖健康
背景情况:
- 对诱导堕胎发生率的准确数据对于旨在减少意外怀孕的公共卫生政策和计划至关重要.
- 监测堕胎发生率对于评估实现全球卫生目标的进展至关重要,包括减少孕产妇死亡率.
研究的目的:
- 提供1995年至2003年的堕胎率和趋势的最新全球和区域估计.
- 分析这些发现对政策和计划的影响,重点是减少意外怀孕和不安全堕胎,并改善获得安全堕胎护理的机会.
主要方法:
- 使用国家报告系统,调查和2003年发表的研究来计算安全堕胎发生率.
- 使用医院数据,调查和发表的研究估计的不安全堕胎率.
- 应用人口统计技术来估计堕胎数量,率和比例,利用联合国人口和活产数据.
主要成果:
- 据估计,2003年全球发生了4200万次诱导性堕胎,比1995年的4600万次减少,全球比例为每1000名女性29人.
- 2003年,全球48%的堕胎是不安全的,超过97%发生在发展中国家.
- 2003年,堕胎与活产的比率在全球为31:100,在东欧 (105:100) 显著更高.
结论:
- 发展中国家和发达地区的堕胎率相似,但不安全堕胎的负担不成比例地影响着发展中国家.
- 解决未满足的避孕需求和确保获得安全堕胎服务是大幅减少孕产妇死亡率和保护孕产妇健康的重要策略.
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