干扰素调节细胞微RNAs作为一种抗病毒机制
Irene M Pedersen1, Guofeng Cheng, Stefan Wieland
1Department of Molecular Biology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Nature
|October 19, 2007
概括
哺乳动物细胞使用细胞微RNA (miRNA) 来对抗病毒感染,类似于植物和无脊椎动物. 干扰素β (IFNbeta) 激活抗病毒miRNA,包括那些向型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 的病毒.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 分子生物学分子生物学
背景情况:
- 通过微RNAs (miRNAs) 的RNA干扰对于植物和无脊椎动物的先天抗病毒免疫是至关重要的.
- 细胞miRNAs在哺乳动物抗病毒防御病毒感染中的作用尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 研究细胞miRNAs在哺乳动物抗病毒防御中的作用,特别是对干扰素β (IFNbeta) 的反应.
- 确定IFNβ诱导的miRNA是否可以抑制C型肝炎病毒 (HCV) 复制.
主要方法:
- 在哺乳动物细胞中IFNbeta治疗后对miRNA表达变化的分析.
- 引入合成miRNA模仿和anti-miRNAs,以评估它们对HCV复制的影响.
- 在IFNbeta治疗后,对miR-122表达的量化.
主要成果:
- IFNbeta快速调节了许多细胞miRNAs的表达.
- 八个IFNβ诱导的miRNAs在HCV基因组中显示了预测的目标.
- miRNA模仿物复制了IFNbeta对HCV的抗病毒作用,而抗miRNA则减少了它们.
- IFNbeta治疗减少了miR-122的表达,这是HCV复制的关键因素.
结论:
- 哺乳动物生物利用细胞miRNA作为干扰素介导的抗病毒防御系统的一部分.
- 由IFNbeta诱导的细胞miRNAs在控制像HCV这样的病毒感染方面发挥着重要作用.
相关概念视频
01:22MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
01:23RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
01:23RNA Interference
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
01:22MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
02:30siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the ATP-dependent...
01:22MicroRNAs
MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...