门和加勒比海珊瑚礁的弹性
Peter J Mumby1, Alan Hastings, Helen J Edwards
1Marine Spatial Ecology Lab, School of BioSciences, University of Exeter, Prince of Wales Road, Exeter EX4 4PS, UK. p.j.mumby@ex.ac.uk
Nature
|November 2, 2007
概括
加勒比海珊瑚礁可能被锁定在藻类占主导地位的状态后,1983年鱼死亡. 当牧场和珊瑚覆盖低于关键值时,弹性就会丧失,从而冒着不可逆转的生态系统转移的风险.
科学领域:
- 海洋生态海洋生态学
- 生态系统动态生态系统动态
- 保护科学是一种保护科学.
背景情况:
- 在全球范围内,珊瑚礁的健康状况正在下降,特别是在加勒比海,由于诸如1983年Diadema antillarum鱼死亡等因素.
- 宏观藻类的开花表明珊瑚礁的健康状况下降,这引发了关于这些转变到藻类主导地位的可逆性的问题.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定加勒比海珊瑚礁是否正在转变为由巨藻主导的替代稳定状态.
- 确定影响珊瑚礁弹性的牧场和珊瑚覆盖的关键值.
主要方法:
- 使用了一个完全参数化的模拟模型和一个简单的分析模型.
- 分析了1983年鱼死亡率对放牧动态和珊瑚礁稳定性的影响.
- 定义了珊瑚覆盖和草食的关键值,以评估生态系统的弹性.
主要成果:
- 1983年鱼灭绝使加勒比海珊瑚礁易受其他稳定状态的影响,主要转移放牧压力到鱼.
- 证明了显著的歇斯底里,表明一旦突破了关键值,从藻类主导地位的恢复是困难的.
- 发现大多数放牧门接近目前的鱼水平,突出显示了珊瑚礁对鱼过度开采的敏感性.
结论:
- 加勒比海珊瑚礁表现出歇斯底里,使它们易受生态干扰后持续的大藻类主导的影响.
- 必须确定牧场和珊瑚覆盖的关键值,以恢复珊瑚礁的弹性并防止相位转移.
- 这项研究为珊瑚礁恢复提供了目标,帮助管理人员在当地范围内解决全球干扰问题.
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