一种新的Verrucomicrobia物种的pH1以下的甲醇化
Arjan Pol1, Klaas Heijmans, Harry R Harhangi
1Department of Microbiology, IWWR, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, NL-6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Nature
|November 16, 2007
概括
科学家们发现了一种新的爱酸的细菌,Acidimethylosilex fumarolicum SolV,能够在极端的火山环境中消耗甲. 这一发现扩大了我们对在恶劣条件下的微生物生命及其在甲循环中的作用的理解.
科学领域:
- 地质微生物学的生物.
- 环境微生物学 环境微生物学
- 生物地质化学循环的过程
背景情况:
- 泥火山和烟雾会排放甲,这表明生物甲消耗.
- 人们认为,烟雾中的极端条件 (高温,低pH) 排除了已知的甲性细菌.
- 有氧甲氧化是由甲单氧化酶 (pmoA基因) 启动的.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定能够在极端火山环境中繁荣发展的甲类细菌.
- 来自索尔法塔拉火山的新型甲氧化细菌的特征.
- 了解微生物在地化学活跃地区的甲循环中的作用.
主要方法:
- 从Solfatara火山的泥和周围的土壤中提取DNA.
- 构建和测序pmoA基因克隆库.
- 在极端条件下 (50°C,pH2.0) 进行丰富培养.
- 隔离和描述一种新型的酸性性甲性细菌.
主要成果:
- 在环境DNA中发现了新的和遥远的pmoA基因集群.
- 一种酸性甲型细菌,Acidimethylosilex fumarolicum SolV,被分离出来.
- 这种细菌属于Verrucomicrobia族,在pH值低至0.8.8的情况下生长得很好.
- A. fumarolicum SolV拥有三个不同的pmoA基因,其中两个与环境序列相匹配.
结论:
- 酸甲基化 (Acidimethylosilex fumarolicum SolV) 是第一个来自Verrucomicrobia属的被描述的酸性甲基化物.
- 这种细菌在极端火山环境中对甲氧化起作用.
- 类似的细菌可能在全球极端环境中普遍存在,有助于甲循环.
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