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预防慢性疾病:呼吁采取行动
Robert Beaglehole1, Shah Ebrahim, Srinath Reddy
1University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. r.beaglehole@auckland.ac.nz
Lancet (London, England)
|December 8, 2007
概括
预防和控制慢性疾病是可以实现和具有成本效益的. 全球努力可以避免数以百万计的死亡,并产生显著的经济效益,需要全球协调的反应.
科学领域:
- 全球健康 全球健康
- 非传染性疾病 非传染性疾病
- 卫生经济学 卫生经济学
背景情况:
- 心血管疾病,癌症,呼吸系统疾病和糖尿病等慢性疾病是全球死亡和残疾的主要原因.
- 这些疾病在全球卫生议程中经常被忽视,并且由于其深远的经济影响而被低估.
- 解决慢性疾病对于发展和实现全球卫生目标至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 提供证据表明,预防和控制慢性疾病的全球目标是可实现的和具有成本效益的.
- 通过有针对性的干预措施,突出避免数百万死亡和实现重大经济利益的潜力.
- 呼吁全球持续努力预防和控制慢性疾病,并与加强卫生系统相结合.
主要方法:
- 对预防和控制慢性疾病的现有干预措施的审查.
- 对整个人群和高风险个体的干预措施的成本效益分析.
- 检查与实现全球慢性病目标相关的经济效益.
主要成果:
- 预防和控制慢性疾病的全球目标是可以通过现有的干预措施实现的.
- 针对人口和高风险个体的一小组干预措施可能是有效的.
- 在23个低收入和中等收入国家进行干预的估计年度成本约为58亿美元 (2005年).
结论:
- 实现预防和控制慢性疾病的全球目标是现实的,可以在2015年之前避免3600万死亡.
- 有成本效益的干预措施存在,可以实施来管理慢性疾病的负担.
- 为了预防和控制慢性疾病,迫切需要一项涉及多个利益相关者的持续,全球性的努力.
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