结合的142Nd-143Nd同位素证据证明了哈迪地幔动态.
Vickie C Bennett1, Alan D Brandon, Allen P Nutman
1Research School of Earth Sciences, Australian National University, Canberra ACT, 0200 Australia. vickie.bennett@anu.edu.au
概括
古老的格陵兰岩石揭示了早期的地球.
科学领域:
- 地质化学和同位素地质学
- 早期地球历史和行星科学
背景情况:
- 了解地球最初的化学分化对于破译行星形成至关重要.
- 同位素系统为追踪早期地质过程提供了强大的工具.
- 新 (Nd) 同位素系统,特别是142Nd和143Nd,为早期地幔演变提供了洞察力.
研究的目的:
- 直接追溯到地球早期化学上不同的酸盐储库的形成.
- 调查早期地幔异质性的规模和持久性.
- 追踪这些早期地幔领域的后续进化和再组合.
主要方法:
- 在格陵兰西南部38.5亿年前的岩石中分析合的142 (142Nd) 和143 (143Nd) 过量.
- 格陵兰和西澳大利亚同期古岩中的142Nd签名的比较 (>36亿年).
- 利用已灭绝的萨马-146 (146Sm) 和长寿的萨马-147 (147Sm) 的衰变来确定早期的酸盐水库形成的日期.
主要成果:
- 的同位素数据直接约定了地球历史上前300万至7500万年内化学上不同的酸盐储库的形成.
- 格陵兰岛和西澳大利亚岩石之间的142Nd特征的差异揭示了地球历史的早期存在的大规模地幔异质性.
- 这些异质性至少持续了前10亿年,时间的142Nd变化表明早期地幔领域的重新混合不完全.
结论:
- 地球的地幔从最早的阶段起就在化学上是异质的,有明显的酸盐储库迅速形成.
- 在古代岩石中保存的同位素标记提供了这些早期分化过程的直接记录.
- 这些早期领域的不完整的重组影响了后来的地幔的地化学进化.
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