甲虫的综合类型学揭示了超辐射的进化起源
Toby Hunt1, Johannes Bergsten, Zuzana Levkanicova
1Department of Entomology, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 22, 2007
概括
甲虫进化揭示了高物种丰富是由于古老的起源和持续生存在不同的利基,而不是快速多样化或食草. 这项研究分析了甲虫 (Coleoptera) 类型,以了解它们的进化成功.
科学领域:
- 进化生物学 进化生物学
- 生物多样性科学 生物多样性科学
- 昆虫学 昆虫学是一门学科.
背景情况:
- 甲虫 (Coleoptera) 占全球生物多样性的很大一部分,使得它们的进化历史对于理解生命的多样性至关重要.
- 现有的关于甲虫进化关系和多样化模式的知识是不完整的,特别是关于早期血统和它们成功的驱动因素.
研究的目的:
- 对甲虫 (Coleoptera) 进行全面的遗传学分析,以阐明它们的进化历史和多样化.
- 确定多虫超群中最早的分支系,并确定导致甲虫异常丰富物种的因素.
主要方法:
- 用近1900个物种的3个基因进行了植物遗传学分析,占已知的甲虫家族80%以上.
- 测定基因的年代,以推断分歧事件和多样化速度的时间.
- 检查多样化,起源时间,生态作用 (例如,食草动物) 和主要地质事件 (例如,白时期的血管精子辐射) 之间的相关性.
主要成果:
- 在Polyphaga超群中建立了基底关系,确定了五个家族作为最早的血统.
- 发现甲虫的成功并非由异常高的净多样化率或与血管精子辐射相关的草食的主要作用来解释.
- 表明,超过100个当今的血统起源于白时期之前.
结论:
- 甲虫物种的丰富性归因于古代血统的长期生存和在广泛的生态中持续的多样化.
- 甲虫的进化成功是血统长寿和利基范围的结果,而不是白时期的快速繁殖或特定的生态联系.
- 这项研究为了解甲虫生物多样性提供了强大的进化框架,并强调了甲纪前起源在它们多样化中的重要性.
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