全度度分布促进了食物网的稳定性
Sonja B Otto1, Björn C Rall, Ulrich Brose
1Darmstadt University of Technology, Department of Biology, Schnittspahnstrasse 10, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany. sonotto@bio.tu-darmstadt.de
Nature
|December 22, 2007
概括
捕食者和猎物的体质比是稳定的生态系统的关键. 这项研究揭示了特定的比率范围,一个
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 理论生态学理论生态学
- 生物能源学 生物能源学
背景情况:
- 生态系统依赖于食相互作用来实现能量流动和食物网的稳定性,允许物种共存.
- 理论上说,捕食者-猎物体重比对食物网的稳定性至关重要,但潜在的机制仍然不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 通过使用生物能量模型,研究特定的捕食者-猎物体重比如何促进三种物种食物链的稳定性.
- 鉴定这些稳定体质比的约束因素,考虑到能源的可用性和生态系统的动态.
主要方法:
- 利用生物能源消费者资源模型来模拟三巨型 (三种) 食物链.
- 在模型中分析了捕食者-猎物的体重比,并将其与来自五个自然食物网的经验数据进行了比较.
- 对随机重新连接的食物网进行了检查,以评估体质和全米度分布的作用.
主要成果:
- 确定了捕食者-猎物体重比的"持久性领域",这对于食物链的稳定性至关重要.
- 发现,当捕食者比猎物小时,自下而上的能量会限制稳定性,而当捕食者比猎物大时,丰富动态会导致不稳定性.
- 观察到97%的自然三营养链都属于预测的稳定体质比域.
- 证明了自然食物网中的体质和全米度分布调解了这种稳定性.
结论:
- 特定的捕食者-猎物体重比对于维持稳定的食物网至关重要.
- 身体质量的分布和食相互作用,以全度度分布为特征,对生态系统的稳定性有很大的贡献.
- 物种体质和食相互作用之间的简单关系可以支复杂的生态网络的稳定性.
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