对于玉米生物强化,利用了烯epsilon环酶的天然遗传变异
Carlos E Harjes1, Torbert R Rocheford, Ling Bai
1Institute for Genomic Diversity, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 19, 2008
概括
维生素A缺乏症影响着全球数百万儿童. 研究人员确定了玉米 (lcyE基因) 中的关键遗传变异,这些变异显著增加了前维生素A含量,提供了一种通过生物强化对抗缺乏症的策略.
科学领域:
- 农业遗传学 农业遗传学
- 人类营养人类营养
- 植物生物化学 植物生物化学
背景情况:
- 饮食中维生素A缺乏是全球主要的健康问题,尤其影响着依赖玉米等主食作物的地区儿童.
- 玉米的胡卜素含量自然各不相同,这些胡卜素是维生素A的前体,为生物强化提供了机会.
研究的目的:
- 为了确定控制玉米中维生素A水平的遗传因素.
- 了解影响玉米中胡卜素组成的生化途径变化.
主要方法:
- 协会分析和链接映射被用来确定与胡卜素变异相关的遗传位置.
- 用表达分析和突变发生来研究白烯epsilon循环酶 (lcyE) 基因的功能.
- 开发出了分子标记物来选择有利的等位基因.
主要成果:
- 研究人员发现,在利科epsilon环酶 (lcyE) 位点的变化显著改变了α-胡卜素和β-胡卜素合成之间的平衡.
- 在lcyE基因中的四种自然多态解释了这些胡卜素分支中58%的变异.
- 由于这些遗传变异,观察到前维生素A化合物的三倍增加.
结论:
- 这种lcyE基因是玉米中provitamin A含量的关键决定因素.
- 开发有利的lcyE等位基的分子标记可以促进育种计划,以增强玉米中的益生素A.
- 这种遗传方法提供了一种可持续的策略,以改善玉米消费人口的维生素A营养.
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